Definition
Host restriction factors mount a first line response to viral infection, yet, are often hampered by specific viral proteins which directly resist their action. The HIV-2 proteins gag, vif, env, and vpx serve to modify the actions of four major host restriction factors: TRIM5α, APOBEC, Tetherin, and SAMHD1, respectively. The HIV-2 proteins utilise no specific enzymatic function in their roles as antagonists, but rather act as “linker molecules”; connecting host restriction factors to the proteins of cellular pathways that facilitate their sequestration or degradation, and in so doing- enabling viral replication and transmission. This article explores the complex interplay between the host restriction factor and the HIV-2 protein antagonist.
Introduction
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) arose during the zoonotic transfer of sooty mangabey Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIVsm) on at least eight occasions. Of the resulting eight lineages, HIV-2 A-H, only A and B are...
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Simpson, S., Jallow, S. (2016). Interactions Between HIV-2 and Host Restriction Factors. In: Hope, T., Stevenson, M., Richman, D. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_41-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_41-2
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Interactions Between HIV-2 and Host Restriction Factors- Published:
- 01 February 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_41-2
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Interactions Between HIV-2 and Host Restriction Factors- Published:
- 24 October 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_41-1