Definition
Due to restrictions predicated by receptor and coreceptor binding, HIV-1 preferentially infects activated CD4+ T cells. Typically, HIV-1 infected target CD4+ T cells are eliminated by the immune system or as a result of viral infection after releasing progeny virus that propagates the infection. However, as a consequence of normal T cell memory, a subset of HIV-1 cells become infected and revert back to a resting, quiescent state. These cells contain an integrated HIV-1 provirus but are transcriptionally silent and represent the major barrier to HIV-1 eradication. The establishment of latency, the ability of latently infected cells to evade the immune response, and the reactivation and subsequent immune clearance of latently infected CD4+ T cells are all major immunological components of latent HIV-1 infection.
Introduction
Understanding latent HIV infection requires both an understanding of T cell-based immune memory in addition to the HIV-1 replication cycle. Latently...
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Buckheit, R.W., Blankson, J.N. (2014). Immunology of Latent HIV Infection. In: Hope, T., Stevenson, M., Richman, D. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_190-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_190-1
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