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Encyclopedia of AIDS pp 1–10Cite as

HIV and SIV, CD4 T-Cell Responses to

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Definition

Immune responses to infections are a multifaceted interplay between different specialized cell types. These arms of the immune system are broadly divided into innate immunity, which is a rapid first line of defense that has limited specificity toward a particular pathogen, and adaptive immunity, which is delayed but develops with high specificity for pathogens, and once it is established, it has the potential for strong recall responses (immunological memory) (Abbas et al. 2012a). Successful cross talk between innate and adaptive immunity leads to effective immune responses and pathogen clearance. In HIV infection, however, defects in the function of both systems lead to ineffective immune responses that result into lack of viral control and chronic immune activation (Mandell et al. 2010).

CD4 T cells also known as T-helper cells (Th) are cells of the adaptive immune system, and their main role is to orchestrate immune responses by fine tuning the cross talk between the...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02114, USA

    Filippos Porichis & Daniel E. Kaufmann

  2. Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and University of Montreal, Montréal, H2X 0A9, QC, Canada

    Daniel E. Kaufmann

Authors
  1. Filippos Porichis
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  2. Daniel E. Kaufmann
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Filippos Porichis .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Cell & Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Thomas J. Hope

  2. Office of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA

    Mario Stevenson

  3. University of California, San Diego Dept. Pathology, La Jolla, California, USA

    Douglas Richman

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Porichis, F., Kaufmann, D.E. (2014). HIV and SIV, CD4 T-Cell Responses to. In: Hope, T., Stevenson, M., Richman, D. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_184-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_184-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-9610-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine

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