Definition
A document D consists of a set of n document fields, and it is represented by a set of n vectors, where each vector corresponds to a document field. A field-based Information Retrieval (IR) model assigns a score or Retrieval Status Value (RSV) to a document D and a query Q by distinguishing the occurrences of query terms in the different field vectors, and by weighting the contribution of each field appropriately.
Historical Background
Textual documents, whether they are news wire items, scientific publications, or Web pages, are rich in structure. For example, depending on its length, a text can be organized in chapters, sections, paragraphs, and each of those can have a concise description in the form of a title. Shorter texts, such as emails, also consist of free text and formatted text. In information retrieval (IR), however, documents are usually represented as a single vector, the dimensions of which correspond to terms occurring in the document. Such a representation...
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Plachouras, V. (2018). Field-Based Information Retrieval Models. In: Liu, L., Özsu, M.T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Database Systems. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8265-9_927
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