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Nutrition in Critically Ill and Injured Patients: Focus on Pathophysiology, Initiation, Choice, Energy Requirements and Complications

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Diet and Nutrition in Critical Care

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Abstract

Nutrition support in critically ill patients, both in adults and in children, has made significant advances and has become part of the daily care of these patients. Given current evidence derived from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), early provision of nutrition for these patients is now a level I recommendation. We review current evidence and provide recommendations for nutrition in daily care for critically ill and injured patients.

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Abbreviations

AAA:

Aromatic amino acids

ALI:

Acute lung injury

ARDS:

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

ASPEN:

American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition

BCAA:

Branched chain amino acids

COPD:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

EAST:

Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma

EN:

Enteral nutrition

ESPEN:

European Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition

PPN:

Peripheral parenteral nutrition

RCT:

Randomized controlled trials

TPN:

Total parenteral nutrition

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Trauma, Critical Care and Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Avenue, Room 4410, Tucson, AZ, 85749, USA

    Rifat Latifi

  2. Trauma Section, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar

    Ibrahim Afifi

Authors
  1. Rifat Latifi
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  2. Ibrahim Afifi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rifat Latifi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Royal Free London Hospitals, Barnet General Hospital, London, UK

    Rajkumar Rajendram

  2. Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK

    Rajkumar Rajendram

  3. King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Rajkumar Rajendram

  4. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK

    Victor R. Preedy

  5. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Westminster, London, UK

    Vinood B. Patel

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Latifi, R., Afifi, I. (2015). Nutrition in Critically Ill and Injured Patients: Focus on Pathophysiology, Initiation, Choice, Energy Requirements and Complications. In: Rajendram, R., Preedy, V.R., Patel, V.B. (eds) Diet and Nutrition in Critical Care. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7836-2_107

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7836-2_107

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-7837-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-7836-2

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