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Peripheral Nerve Interface Applications, Cochlear Implants

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Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience

Definition

A cochlear implant is an implanted electronic device to activate the auditory nerve and restore hearing sensations to people who have lost their hearing. Modern cochlear implants consist of an implanted part and a part that is worn externally. The external part contains a microphone to pick up sound, a microprocessor to convert acoustic sound into electric signals, and a transmitter coil to send the information across the skin to the implanted part. The implanted part contains a receiving antenna, a microprocessor to decode the transmitted signal, a current-controlled stimulator, and an array of electrodes inserted into the inner ear. Electric pulses delivered to the inner ear activate any remaining auditory neurons and initiate neural pulses to the brain, resulting in the sensation of sound and the ability to understand speech.

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References

  • Eisen MD (2003) Djourno, Eyries, and the first implanted electrical neural stimulator to restore hearing. Otol Neurotol 24:500–506

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  • House WF, Urban J (1973) Long term results of electrode implantation and electronic stimulation of the cochlea in man. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 82(4):504–517

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Further Reading

  • Shannon RV, Zeng FG, Kamath V, Wygonski J, Ekelid M (1995) Speech recognition with primarily temporal cues. Science 270:303

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  • Zeng FG, Popper AN, Fay RR (eds) (2012) Auditory prostheses: new horizons, vol 39, Springer handbook of auditory research. Springer, New York, 389 pp

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Dr. Robert V. Shannon

Authors
  1. Dr. Robert V. Shannon
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Correspondence to Robert V. Shannon .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Dieter Jaeger

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA

    Ranu Jung

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Shannon, R.V. (2014). Peripheral Nerve Interface Applications, Cochlear Implants. In: Jaeger, D., Jung, R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_198-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_198-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-7320-6

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