Abstract
Dystonia is a relatively common movement disorder and characterized by sustained or repetitive involuntary muscle contractions and abnormal postures. In this chapter, basal ganglia circuitry and recent electrophysiological findings in dystonia are briefly summarized, and pathophysiology of dystonia is discussed.
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Abbreviations
- Cx:
-
Cerebral cortex
- CL:
-
Central lateral nucleus
- DA:
-
Dopamine
- DBS:
-
Deep brain stimulation
- GABA:
-
γ-Aminobutyric acid
- GP:
-
Globus pallidus
- GPe:
-
External segment of the globus pallidus
- GPi:
-
Internal segment of the globus pallidus
- PTD:
-
Primary torsion dystonia
- SNc:
-
Substantia nigra pars compacta
- SNr:
-
Substantia nigra pars reticulata
- STN:
-
Subthalamic nucleus
- Str:
-
Striatum
- Th:
-
Thalamus
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Nambu, A., Chiken, S. (2022). Basal Ganglia: Dystonia. In: Pfaff, D.W., Volkow, N.D., Rubenstein, J. (eds) Neuroscience in the 21st Century. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6434-1_123-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6434-1_123-3
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