Definition
Gut: The gut can be subdivided into three parts: foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The foregut includes the proximal portion of the gut from the mouth to the proximal half of the duodenum. The midgut comprises the distal half of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, and the right three fourths of the transverse colon. The hindgut contains the rest of the large intestine including the left three fourths of the transverse colon, the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, and the rectum.
Introduction
This project is one of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded Human Microbiome Demonstration Projects aiming at uncovering associations that exist between idiopathic diseases and abnormal microbiome composition, or dysbiosis (NIH HMP Working Group et al. 2009; Yang et al. 2010). This project has several distinct features. It is the only demonstration project to study a cancer microbiome. It studies the microbiome at multiple stages of disease...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Calatayud S, Garcia-Zaragoza E, Hernandez C, Quintana E, Felipo V, Esplugues JV, et al. Downregulation of nNOS and synthesis of PGs associated with endotoxin-induced delay in gastric emptying. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2002;283:G1360–7.
Devesa SS, Blot WJ, Fraumeni Jr JF. Changing patterns in the incidence of esophageal and gastric carcinoma in the United States. Cancer. 1998;83:2049–53.
Fan YP, Chakder S, Gao F, Rattan S. Inducible and neuronal nitric oxide synthase involvement in lipopolysaccharide-induced sphincteric dysfunction. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2001;280:G32–42.
Haggitt RC. Adenocarcinoma in Barrett’s esophagus: a new epidemic? Hum Pathol. 1992;23:475–6.
NIH HMP Working Group, Peterson J, Garges S, Giovanni M, McInnes P, Wang L, Schloss JA, Bonazzi V, McEwen JE, Wetterstrand KA, Deal C, Baker CC, Di Francesco V, Howcroft TK, Karp RW, Lunsford RD, Wellington CR, Belachew T, Wright M, Giblin C, David H, Mills M, Salomon R, Mullins C, Akolkar B, Begg L, Davis C, Grandison L, Humble M, Khalsa J, Little AR, Peavy H, Pontzer C, Portnoy M, Sayre MH, Starke-Reed P, Zakhari S, Read J, Watson B, Guyer M. The NIH human microbiome project. Genome Res. 2009;19:2317–23.
Pohl H, Welch HG. The role of overdiagnosis and reclassification in the marked increase of esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;97:142–6. PubMed PMID: 15657344.
Shaheen N, Ransohoff DF. Gastroesophageal reflux, Barrett esophagus, and esophageal cancer: clinical applications. JAMA. 2002;287:1982–6.
Yang L, Lu X, Nossa CW, Francois F, Peek RM, Pei Z. Inflammation and intestinal metaplasia of the distal esophagus are associated with alterations in the microbiome. Gastroenterology. 2009;137:588–97.
Yang L, Oberdorf W, Gerz E, Parsons T, Shah P, Bedi S, Nossa C, Brown S, Chen Y, Liu M, Poles M, Francois F, Traube M, Singh N, DeSantis T, Andersen G, Bihan M, Foster L, Tenney A, Brami D, Thiagarajan M, Singh I, Torralba M, Yooseph S, Rogers Y-H, Brodie E, Nelson K, Pei Z. Foregut microbiome in development of esophageal adenocarcinoma. 2010. Available from nature precedings. doi: 10.1038/npre.2010.5026.1.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this entry
Cite this entry
Yang, L., Yachimski, P.S., Brodie, E., Nelson, K.E., Pei, Z. (2012). Foregut Microbiome, Development of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma, Project. In: Nelson, K. (eds) Encyclopedia of Metagenomics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6418-1_709-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6418-1_709-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-6418-1
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences