Definition
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a common autosomal recessive genetic disorder, which stems from mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene. While this disorder impacts on many body systems, the predisposition to airway infection for individuals with CF is particularly important. These infections, and associated host immune response with neutrophil-driven inflammation, lead to progressive lung damage. The respiratory failure that follows is the leading cause of death for these individuals whose median age of survival is in their late 30s (Cystic Fibrosis Foundation 2013; UK CF Registry 2012). Maintaining lung function is therefore critical to the well-being of individuals with CF. The aim of this overview is to detail the state of existing knowledge and advances made in the past decade from studies of the bacterial component of the microbiota of the airways of individuals with cystic fibrosis.
Introduction
CF lung disease is characterized by relentless...
References
Carmody LA, Zhao J, Schloss PD, et al. Changes in cystic fibrosis airway microbiota at pulmonary exacerbation. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2013;10:179–87.
Coenye T, Goris J, Spilker T, et al. Characterization of unusual bacteria isolated from respiratory secretions of cystic fibrosis patients and description of Inquilinus limosus gen. nov., sp. nov. J Clin Microbiol. 2002;40:2962–1069.
Cox MJ, Allgaier M, Taylor B, et al. Airway microbiota and pathogen abundance in age-stratified cystic fibrosis patients. PLoS One. 2010;5:e11044.
Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. http://www.cff.org/AboutCF/ (2013). Accessed 23 Sept 2013.
Guss AM, Roeselers G, Newton IL, et al. Phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of bacteria associated with cystic fibrosis. ISME J. 2011;5:20–9.
Harris JK, De Groote MA, Sagel SD, et al. Molecular identification of bacteria in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from children with cystic fibrosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007;104:20529–33.
Klepac-Ceraj V, Lemon KP, Martin TR, et al. Relationship between cystic fibrosis respiratory tract bacterial communities and age, genotype, antibiotics and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Environ Microbiol. 2010;12:1293–303.
Lipuma JJ. The changing microbial epidemiology in cystic fibrosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2010;23:299–323.
Rogers GB, Hart CA, Mason JR, et al. Bacterial diversity in cases of lung infection in cystic fibrosis patients: 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) length heterogeneity PCR and 16S rDNA terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism profiling. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41:3548–458.
Rogers GB, Skelton S, Serisier DJ, et al. Determining cystic fibrosis-affected lung microbiology: comparison of spontaneous and serially induced sputum samples by use of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism profiling. J Clin Microbiol. 2010a;48:78–86.
Rogers GB, Marsh P, Stressmann AF, et al. The exclusion of dead bacterial cells is essential for accurate molecular analysis of clinical samples. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2010b;16:1656–8.
Rudkjøbing VB, Thomsen TR, Alhede M, et al. The microorganisms in chronically infected end-stage and non-end-stage cystic fibrosis patients. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2012;65:236–44.
Sibley CD, Parkins MD, Rabin HR, et al. A polymicrobial perspective of pulmonary infections exposes an enigmatic pathogen in cystic fibrosis patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:15070–5.
Stressmann FA, Rogers GB, van der Gast CJ, et al. Long-term cultivation-independent microbial diversity analysis demonstrates that bacterial communities infecting the adult cystic fibrosis lung show stability and resilience. Thorax. 2012;67:867–73.
Tunney MM, Field TR, Moriarty TF, et al. Detection of anaerobic bacteria in high numbers in sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;177:995–1001.
Tunney MM, Klem ER, Fodor AA, et al. Use of culture and molecular analysis to determine the effect of antibiotic treatment on microbial community diversity and abundance during exacerbation in patients with cystic fibrosis. Thorax. 2011;66:579–84.
UK CF Registry. Annual data report 2012. https://www.cysticfibrosis.org.uk/media/31676/Scientific%20Registry%20Review%202012.pdf (2012). Accessed 20 Dec 2013.
Ulrich M, Beer I, Braitmaier P, et al. Relative contribution of Prevotella intermedia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to lung pathology in airways of patients with cystic fibrosis. Thorax. 2010;65:978–84.
van der Gast CJ, Walker AW, Stressmann FA, et al. Partitioning core and satellite taxa from within cystic fibrosis lung bacterial communities. ISME J. 2011;5:780–91.
Zhao J, Carmody LA, Kalikin LM, et al. Impact of enhanced Staphylococcus DNA extraction on microbial community measures in cystic fibrosis sputum. PLoS One. 2012a;7:e33127.
Zhao J, Schloss PD, Kalikin LM, et al. Decade-long bacterial community dynamics in cystic fibrosis airways. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012b;109:5809–14.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Consortia
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this entry
Cite this entry
European Cystic Fibrosis Society Lung Microbiome Working Group. (2014). Bacterial Diversity in Cases of Lung Infection in Cystic Fibrosis Patients. In: Nelson, K. (eds) Encyclopedia of Metagenomics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6418-1_470-2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6418-1_470-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-6418-1
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences