Definition of the Subject
In Denmark, waste incineration has been used to provide district heating since 1903, when the Frederiksberg Municipality in Copenhagen realized that landfilling of municipal waste could not continue within the municipality boundaries [1]. The incineration plant of the municipality provided steam, hot water, and some electricity to a nearby hospital, while reducing the waste volume and mass at the same time.
The first waste-to-energy (WTE) plants in Denmark were producing heat only, while from the late 1980s, they started to produce combined heat and power (CHP) . However, recovery of district heat for useful purposes requires large investments in energy infrastructure (district heating pipes distribution and transmission network), and the lack of such infrastructure makes combined heat and power difficult in many countries. Most countries at this time produce only electricity (and not heat) from their waste incineration plants.
Nevertheless energy recovery in...
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Abbreviations
- District heating (DH):
-
A network of pipes, typically underground, that distributes hot water (or steam) used for space heating of residential homes and industrial spaces. This network allows for centralized production of heat to be distributed to many consumers.
- Waste-to-energy (WTE):
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A thermal process where the chemical energy contained in solid wastes is converted to electricity and or heat.
Bibliography
Primary Literature
Kleis H, Dalager S (2004) 100 years of waste incineration in Denmark. Babcock and Wilcox, Vølund and Ramboll, Copenhagen
Phyllis database www.ecn.nl/phyllis and “Accomplishments from IEA Bioenergy Task 23: Energy from Thermal Conversion of MSW and RDF” 2001 and “21’ Century Advanced Concept for Waste-Fired Power Plants.” Babcock Wilcox Volund
21’ Century advanced concept for waste-fired power plants. Babcock Wilcox Volund, p 20
Books and Reviews
Afval Energi Bedrijf, City of Amsterdam – Waste and Energy Company (2006) Value from waste, waste fired power plant. The new standard for recovery of sustainable energy, metals and building materials from urban waste
IEA Bioenergy (2000) Accomplishments from IEA Bioenergy Task 32: energy from thermal conversion of MSW and RDF
Danish Board of District Heating (2006) News from DBDH, Energy Environment. Journal number 4/2006. Theme issue: waste and district heating
Hesseling WFM, Rademakers PLF (2003) TNO environment, energy and process innovation, March 2003 (R2003/127): efficiency increase of waste-to-energy plants, evaluation of experience with boiler corrosion and corrosion reduction
Rand T, Haukohl J, Marxen U (2000) Municipal solid waste incineration – a decision maker’s guide. World Bank, Washington, DC
Renosam and Ramboll (2006) The most efficient waste management system in Europe * Waste-to-energy in Denmark
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Tobiasen, L., Kamuk, B. (2013). Waste-to-Energy for District Heating. In: Kaltschmitt, M., Themelis, N.J., Bronicki, L.Y., Söder, L., Vega, L.A. (eds) Renewable Energy Systems. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5820-3_401
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