Overview
The United States has witnessed a significant rise in the number of incarcerated men and women since the 1970s. In the more recent years of this “epidemic of incarceration,” the epidemic of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has hit the correctional system especially hard (Spaulding et al. 2002). Many persons first learn of their HIV infection through jail- or prison-based screening (de Voux et al. 2012). Among Americans living with HIV, about one in five are unaware of their HIV status (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2010; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2012). As the HIV prevalence among US prisoners is more than three times higher than that of the general population (Maruschak 2008), implementing more HIV testing in correctional facilities would provide an opportunity to identify new cases of HIV. Integrating HIV care into standard medical care in all healthcare venues “normalizes” the disease and may encourage persons with known HIV diagnoses to...
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Spaulding, A.C., Lloyd, S.L., Messina, L.C. (2014). HIV in the Correctional System. In: Bruinsma, G., Weisburd, D. (eds) Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5690-2_335
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