Skip to main content

Quantitative Research

  • Reference work entry
Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology
  • 349 Accesses

Introduction

Quantification and experimentation have dominated the research practices of psychologists for nearly as long as the discipline has been in existence. Qualitative and nonexperimental methods, if used by experimental psychologists, have typically been seen to be in the service of the more “scientifically” rigorous methods. The dominance of quantitative research in psychology can be traced to the beginnings of the social sciences in general in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Undergirding this dominance was the notion that the world was objectively given and knowable and that individual minds being a part of nature could be explored scientifically (Gergen, 2001). Given the success of quantitative methods in the natural sciences, it made sense to the founders of the social sciences to adopt those methods for their purposes (Fox, Porter, & Wokler, 1995). Thus, experimentation, observation, quantification, and prediction became the standards of research. It was...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Carver, R. P. (1978). The case against statistical significance testing. Harvard Educational Review, 48, 378–399.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cernovsky, Z. Z. (2002). A critical look at intelligence research. In D. Fox & I. Prilleltensky (Eds.), Critical psychology: An introduction (pp. 121–133). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa, R. E., & Shimp, C. P. (2011). Methods courses and texts in psychology: “Textbook Science” and “Tourist Brochures”. Journal of Theoretical & Philosophical Psychology, 31(1), 25–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fancher, R. E. (1996). Pioneers of psychology (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Norton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Faux, R. B. (2005). S. S. Stevens. In B. S. Everitt & D. C. Howell (Eds.), Encyclopedia of statistics in the behavioral sciences (pp. 1900–1902). Chichester, UK: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox, C., Porter, R., & Wokler, R. (Eds.). (1995). Inventing human science. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gergen, K. J. (2001). Psychological science in a postmodern context. The American Psychologist, 56, 803–813.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green, C. D. (1992). Of immortal mythological beasts: Operationism in psychology. Theory & Psychology, 2, 291–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hacking, I. (1965). Logic of scientific inference. London, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harré, R. (1999). The rediscovery of the human mind: The discursive approach. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 2, 43–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Häuser, K. (1988). Historical school and “Methodenstreit”. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE), 144, 532–542.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koch, S. (1999). Psychology and emerging conceptions of knowledge. In D. Finkleman & F. Kessel (Eds.), Psychology in human context: Essays in dissidence and reconstruction (pp. 51–90). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leahey, T. H. (1980). The myth of operationism. Journal of Mind and Behavior, 1, 127–143.

    Google Scholar 

  • Makkreel, R. (2012). Wilhelm Dilthey. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. (Summer 2012 ed.). Retrieved from http://plato.Stanford.edu/archives/sum2012/entries/dilthey/

  • Martin, J. (2003). Positivism, quantification and the phenomena of psychology. Theory & Psychology, 13(1), 33–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meehl, P. E. (1970). Some methodological reflections on the difficulties of psychoanalytic research. In H. Feigl, G. Maxwell, M. Radner, & S. Winokur (Eds.), MN Studies in the Philosophy of Science: Vol. IV. Analyses of theories and methods of physics and psychology (pp. 403–416). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meehl, P. E. (1978). Theoretical risks and tabular asterisks: Sir Karl Popper, and the slow progress of soft psychology. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 806–834.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Michell, J. (2003). The quantitative imperative: Positivism, naïve realism and the place of qualitative methods in psychology. Theory & Psychology, 13(1), 5–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Neisser, U. (1976). Cognition and reality. San Francisco, CA: Freeman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nickerson, R. S. (2000). Null hypothesis testing: A review of an old and continuing controversy. Psychological Methods, 5(2), 241–301.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Richards, G. (2002). Putting psychology in its place: A critical historical overview (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stam, H. J. (2006). Pythagoreanism, meaning and the appeal to number. New Ideas in Psychology, 24, 240–251.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suppe, F. (1984). Beyond Skinner and Kuhn. New Ideas in Psychology, 2, 89–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weathington, B. L., Cunningham, C. J. L., & Pittenger, D. J. (2010). Research methods for the behavioral and social sciences. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

Online Resources

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert Faux .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this entry

Cite this entry

Faux, R. (2014). Quantitative Research. In: Teo, T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5583-7_558

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5583-7_558

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-5582-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-5583-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Behavioral Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics