Definition
Boron is a micronutrient which is essential for plants and beneficial for animals. However, excess amount of it is toxic for organisms. Yeast Atr1 is a multidrug efflux pump and its major function is to export boron to outside of the cell. This entry will basically focus on boron transport and the role of Atr1 protein in boron stress response paths.
Boron in Living Organisms
In biological systems, boron is found mostly as boric acid [B(OH)3] especially at neutral pH. Boric acid is a small molecule and is known as a weak Lewis acid which has a pKa of 9.24. Boric acid and borate can both bind and make strong interactions with biological compounds containing hydroxyl groups in cisposition. These compounds include nucleic acids, nicotinamide, phosphoinositides, and sugars such as ribose. The finding of ribose stabilization achieved by borate puts forward a new vision to the “RNA world”...
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Koc, A., Uluisik, İ. (2013). Atr1, Boron Exporter in Yeast. In: Kretsinger, R.H., Uversky, V.N., Permyakov, E.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1533-6_502
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1533-6_502
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-1532-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-1533-6
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