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Samarium

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Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins

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Definition

A lanthanoid element, the fifth element (cerium group) of the f-elements block, with the symbol Sm, atomic number 62, and atomic weight 150.36. Electron configuration [Xe] 4f66s2. Samarium is composed of stable (144Sm, 3.07%; 150Sm, 7.38%; 152Sm, 26.75%; 154Sm, 22.75%) and four radioactive (146Sm; 147Sm, 14.99%; 148Sm, 11.24%; 149Sm, 13.82% ) isotopes. Discovered by L. de Boisbaudran in 1879. Samarium exhibits oxidation states III and II; atomic radii 180 pm, covalent radii 199 pm; redox potential (acidic solution) Sm3+/Sm −2.414 V; Sm3+/Sm2+ −1.000 V; electronegativity (Pauling) 1.17. Ground electronic state of Sm3+ is 6H6/2 with S = 5/2, L = 5, J = 5/2 with λ = 240 cm−1. Most stable technogenic radionuclide 148Sm (half-life 7 × 1015 years). The most common compounds: Sm2O3, SmF3 and SmCl3. Biologically, samarium is of high toxicity, and LD50 is less than 50 mg of Sm2O3 for animals to cause respiratory stoppage immediately (Atkins et al. 2006; Cotton et al. 1999; Huheey et...

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References

  • Atkins P, Overton T, Rourke J, Weller M, Armstrong F (2006) Shriver and Atkins inorganic chemistry, 4th edn. Oxford University Press, Oxford/New York

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  • Huheey JE, Keiter EA, Keiter RL (1997) Inorganic chemistry: principles of structure and reactivity, 4th edn. Prentice Hall, New York

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  • Rayner-Canham G, Overton T (2006) Descriptive inorganic chemistry, 4th edn. W. H. Freeman, New York

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan

    Dr. Takashiro Akitsu (Faculty of Science)

Authors
  1. Dr. Takashiro Akitsu
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Correspondence to Takashiro Akitsu .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

    Robert H. Kretsinger

  2. Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA

    Vladimir N. Uversky

  3. Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

    Eugene A. Permyakov

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Akitsu, T. (2013). Samarium. In: Kretsinger, R.H., Uversky, V.N., Permyakov, E.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1533-6_200022

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