Born Grenoble, Isère, France, 31 January 1895
Died Paris, France, 28 November 1977
French observational astronomer Daniel Chalonge is remembered primarily for his work on determining the properties of stars from relatively broadband spectral information. His thesis work in Paris was directed by French physicists Aimé Cotton and Charles Fabry . Chalonge had several dozen students, some of whom (especially Lucienne Divan) have also contributed to the study of stellar classification.
In 1941, Chalonge and Daniel Barbier announced a way of measuring the temperature, surface gravity (related to luminosity and mass), and abundance of heavy elements in stars from information on color, rather than detailed, high-resolution spectra. They defined three parameters describing the behavior of spectra near a wavelength where hydrogen gas is a strong absorber. Their parameters were eventually shown to be well correlated with stellar temperatures, surface gravities, and compositions by derived from...
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Selected References
Barbier, Daniel and Daniel Chalonge (1941). “Étude du rayonnement continue de quelques étoiles entre 3 100 et 4 600 Å.” Annales d’astrophysique 4: 30–96.
Chalonge, Daniel and Vladimir Kourganoff (1946). “Recherches sur le spectre continu du soleil.” Annales d’astrophysique 9: 69–96.
Chandrasekhar, S. (1992). Current Topics in Astrofundamental Physics: First Course, edited by N. Sanchez and A. Zichichi. International School of Astrophysics “D. Chalonge.” Singapore: World Scientific, p. 3.
Fehrenbach, Ch. (1992). Current Topics in Astrofundamental Physics: First Course, edited by N. Sanchez and A. Zichichi. International School of Astrophysics “D. Chalonge.” Singapore: World Scientific, p. 701.
Olsen, E. H. (1983). “Four-colour uvby and Hβ Photometry of A5 to G0 Stars Brighter than 8.3 M.” Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series 54: 55–134.
Rufener, F. (1988). Catalogue of Stars Measured in the Geneva Observatory Photometric System. Sauverny: Observatoire de Genève.
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Cayrel, R. (2014). Chalonge, Daniel. In: Hockey, T., et al. Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9917-7_260
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