Electrochemical Production of Chlorine
The production of chlorine by electrochemical oxidation of chlorides (chlor–alkali technology, CAT) is nowadays one of the largest processes in industrial electrochemistry. The process, which spends two moles of electricity (2 F), is based on the following stoichiometric equation:
The main products – chlorine and the corresponding hydroxide – are, besides sulfuric acid and ammonia, the most important industrial inorganic chemicals. The third product – hydrogen (as a by-product) – is very valuable from the standpoints of contemporary power sources (“hydrogen economy;” fuel cells) and different industrial synthesis (mostly organic).
Historical Overview
Although the possibility of electrolytic decomposition of sodium chloride was indicated by W. Cruikshank back in 1800, the...
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Nikolić, B.Ž., Panić, V. (2014). Electrocatalysis of Chlorine Evolution. In: Kreysa, G., Ota, Ki., Savinell, R.F. (eds) Encyclopedia of Applied Electrochemistry. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6996-5_397
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