Considerable societal and research interest has centered on the nature and consequences of bullying during the period of adolescence. Bullying is a well-known phenomenon that involves youths’ repeated aggressive behavior meant to hurt another, physically or mentally, and to assert power over them. Bullying is recognized as pervasive in peer groups and has been identified as occurring across a wide range of societies (for a review of bullying in 66 countries and regions, see Due and Holstein 2008). It also is known as having potentially drastic consequences for youth (e.g., posttraumatic stress disorder, see Mynard et al. 2000), and can have dramatic effects even later in life (e.g., suicide, see Klomek et al. 2010). The recognition of its significance has contributed to important efforts to reduce its prevalence and address its consequence (Vernberg and Biggs 2010). These efforts, such as zero-tolerance policies (Espelage and Swearer 2003), have become increasingly popular and,...
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Levesque, R.J.R. (2011). Bullying Risks and Consequences. In: Levesque, R.J.R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Adolescence. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1695-2_109
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