For some linear programming and other production problems, the A = (a ij ) coefficients of the constraints Ax = b can be interpreted as the amount of resource i required (input) to produce one unit of product j (output). More generally, an input–output matrix of American industries formed the bases of the economist Leontief’s contribution to economic theory.
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(2013). Input–Output Coefficients. In: Gass, S.I., Fu, M.C. (eds) Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1153-7_200326
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