Definition of the Subject
Traffic congestion continues to be a significant issue in metropolitan areas throughout the country. Transportation agencies at the federal, state, metropolitan, and local levels are using a variety of techniques and approaches to improve traffic flow, enhance mobility, and provide travel options.
High-occupancy vehicle (HOV) and high-occupancy toll (HOT) lane s are being used in some metropolitan areas to ease traffic congestion and enhance mobility. HOV lanes provide travel-time savings and improved trip-time reliability by encouraging travelers to change from driving alone to carpooling, vanpooling, or riding the bus. HOV/HOT lanes expand the allowed user groups to include solo drivers or lower-occupant vehicles, who can access the lanes by paying a fee.
The use of HOV/HOT lanes has evolved since the late 1960s. Today, HOV lanes and HOV/HOT lanes are in operation in 32 metropolitan areas in North America. These facilities represent an important element of...
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Abbreviations
- Buses:
-
Vehicles designed to carry multiple passengers. Depending on the size, buses may carry between 12 and 100 passengers.
- Carpools:
-
Vehicles carrying two or more persons.
- High-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes:
-
HOV lanes that also allow single-occupant vehicle use through payment of a toll.
- High-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes:
-
Roadway lanes designed and operated for buses, vanpools, and carpools at all times of the day or during specific time periods.
- Hybrid vehicles:
-
Vehicles which operate under a combination of gasoline and electric power.
- Low-emission and energy-efficient vehicles:
-
Vehicles which typically use non-gasoline power sources and do not emit high levels of pollutants.
- Vanpools:
-
Vans organized to carry commuters to and from work.
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Turnbull, K.F. (2012). High-Occupancy Vehicle and Toll Lane s. In: Meyers, R.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_326
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