Metalmark Moths (Lepidoptera: Choreutidae)

Metalmark moths, family Choreutidae, comprise 418 species worldwide, in three subfamilies (in the past incorrectly included in Glyphipterigidae); actual world fauna probably exceeds 800 species. There are three subfamilies: Millieriinae, Brenthiinae, and Choreutinae. The family is in the superfamily Sesioidea in the section Tineina, subsection Sesiina, of the division Ditrysia. Adults small (7–24 mm wingspan), with head mostly smooth-scaled; haustellum scaled; labial palpi often with a scale tuft on second segment; maxillary palpi 1 to 2-segmented. Forewings somewhat elongate or more triangular (Fig. 35). Maculation variable but usually with brilliant metallic-iridescent spots or marks; sometimes more colorful markings, or subdued in a few species. Hindwings colorful or dark, and often with a light band near termen; sometimes pale. Adults are diurnal; usually near their host plants and tend to hop about on leaves. Larvae mostly leaf skeletonizers, but some are budworms; rarely...