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Small-Angle Scattering from Surfactants and Block Copolymer Micelles

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Soft Matter Characterization

1 Introduction

Surfactant molecules [1] have amphiphilic properties when dissolved in water. One part of the molecule, typically a hydrocarbon chain, is hydrophobic and another part is polar and/or charged and thus hydrophilic. When dissolved in water, this amphiphilic character leads above a certain temperature and concentration to the formation of micelles, in which the unfavorable contact between water and hydrocarbon chains is reduced and the favorable contact between the hydrophilic part and the water is still present. The simplest geometrical shape of the micelles is spherical with a relatively compact core consisting of the hydrocarbon “tails” surrounded by a shell of the hydrophilic “heads,” which also contains a significant amount of water. A schematic picture of a micelle is shown in Figure 4-1 . A more realistic picture of a sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelle obtained by molecular simulations is shown in Figure 4-2 [2]. Although such micelles are usually thought of as...

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Notes

  1. 1.

    1Apparent specific density means the effective density of the molecule in the solution, when also the changes in the water in the vicinity of the molecules are ascribed to the molecule.

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Acknowledgements

I am very grateful to Prof. A.D. MacKerell Jr, Dr. S. Vass and Dr. Jeff Penfold for allowing me to use figures from their work.

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  1. University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark

    J. S. Pedersen

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  1. CERMAV, CNRS-UPR 5301 and Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble Cedex 9, France

    Redouane Borsali

  2. Department of Chemistry, University of California - Stanford Stauffer II, 375 North-South Mall, 94305-5080, Stanford, CA, USA

    Robert Pecora (Professor) (Professor)

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Pedersen, J.S. (2008). Small-Angle Scattering from Surfactants and Block Copolymer Micelles. In: Borsali, R., Pecora, R. (eds) Soft Matter Characterization. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4465-6_4

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