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Expert (Knowledge-Based) Systems for Disaster Management

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series ((EESS))

  • 376 Accesses

Synonyms

Decision support systems (DSS); Information systems (IS)

Definition

Natural disaster: Serious disruption triggered by natural hazards (earthquakes, floods, droughts, landslides, volcanoes, tsunamis, wildfires, avalanches, storms, cyclones, and tornadoes) causing human, material, economic, or environmental losses which exceed the ability of those affected to cope (ISDR, 2004).

Disaster management: Systematic management of administrative decisions, organization, operational skills, and abilities to implement policies, strategies, and coping capacities of the society or individuals to lessen the impacts of natural and related environmental and technological hazards (ISDR, 2004).

Expert system: An intelligent computer program that uses knowledge and inferences procedures to solve problems that are difficult enough to require significant human expertise for their solution. The knowledge of an expert system consists of facts and heuristics. The “facts” constitute a body of...

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Irstea, Irstea, UR ETGR, Unité Erosion Torrentielle Neige et Avalanches (Snow Avalanche Engineering and Torrent Control Research Unit), 2, rue de la papèterie BP 76, Saint Martin d’Hères, Cedex, 38402, France

    Dr. Jean-Marc Tacnet

  2. Irstea, Irstea, UR OHAX, Hydraulic Engineering and Hydrology Research Unit, 3275 route de Cézanne CS 40061, Aix-en-Provence, Cedex, 5, 13182, France

    Dr. Corinne Curt

Authors
  1. Dr. Jean-Marc Tacnet
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  2. Dr. Corinne Curt
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jean-Marc Tacnet .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada

    Peter T. Bobrowsky

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© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Tacnet, JM., Curt, C. (2013). Expert (Knowledge-Based) Systems for Disaster Management. In: Bobrowsky, P.T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4399-4_125

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