Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Fructan Prebiotics Derived from Inulin

  • Reference work entry
Prebiotics and Probiotics Science and Technology

Abstract

Inulin, as well as the shorter form oligofructose, is a nondigestible carbohydrate (fructan) that has been part of the daily food of mankind for centuries. Inulin-type fructans naturally occur in many edible plants as storage carbohydrates. They are present in leek, onion, garlic, wheat, chicory, artichoke, and banana. It is estimated that an average North American consumes about 1–4 g/day of inulin or oligofructose. In Western Europe, the average intake varies between 3 and 10 g/day. Occasionally, people can have higher intakes, e.g., after consuming a bowl of French onion soup, salsify dish, etc., and intakes can then exceed easily 10 g. This illustrates that via the normal diet some, and at certain times, all populations consume relatively high quantities of inulin-type fructans. It also follows that wheat, onion, and banana, and to a lesser extend garlic are the most important sources of inulin-type fructans in the diet. Although inulin-type fructans are nutritive substances and part of our daily diet, these compounds are currently not taken up in food composition tables.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 649.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 649.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

ACF :

aberrant crypt foci

AOM :

azoxymethane

AUC :

area under the curve

BMC :

bone mineral content

BMD :

bone mineral density

BMI :

body mass index

CA :

carbonic anhydrase

CBL :

cecal bacterial lysates

DP :

degree of polymerization

GALT :

gut-associated lymphoid tissue

GC :

gas chromatography

GST :

glutathione S-transferases

hBD :

human beta defensins

HPAEC-PAD :

HP-anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection

LC :

liquid chromatography

MLN :

mesenteric lymph node

NEC :

necrotizing enterocolitis

NK :

natural killer

OGTT :

oral glucose tolerance tests

PP :

Peyer’s patches

PBMC :

peripheral blood mononuclear cells

SCFA :

short-chain fatty acids

TG :

transgenic

UC :

ulcerative colitis

WBBMC :

whole-body bone mineral content

WBBMD :

whole-body bone mineral density

References

  • Abrams SA, Griffin IJ, Hawthorne KM, Ellis KJ (2007) Effect of prebiotic supplementation and calcium intake on body mass index. J Pediatr 151:293–298

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abrams SA, Griffin IJ, Hawthorne KM, Liang L, Gunn SK, Darlington G, Ellis KJ (2005) A combination of prebiotic short- and long-chain inulin-type fructans enhances calcium absorption and bone mineralization in young adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr 82:471–476

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ananta E, Birkeland S-E, Corcoran B, Fitzgerald G, Hinz S, Klijn A, Mättö J, mercenier A, Nilsson U, Nyman M, O’Sullivan E, Parche S, Rautonen N, Ross RP, Saarela M, Stanton C, Stahl U, Suomalainen T, Vincken J-P, Virkajärvi I, Voragen F, Wesenfeld J, Wouters R, Knorr D (2004) Processing effects on the nutritional advancement of probiotics and prebiotics. Microb Ecol Health Dis 16:113–124

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Archer BJ, Johnson SK, Devereux HM, Baxter AL (2004) Effect of fat replacement by inulin or lupin-kernel on sausage patty acceptability, post-meal perceptions of satiety and food intake in men. Br J Nutr 91:591–599

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bartosch S, Woodmansey EJ, Paterson JCM, McMurdo ET, Macfarlane GT (2005) Microbiological effects of consuming a synbiotic containing Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium lactis, and oligofructose in elderly persons, determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and counting of viable bacteria. CID 40:28–37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belenguer A, Duncan SH, Calder AG, Holtrop G, Louis P, Lobley GE, Flint HJ (2006) Two routes of metabolic cross-feeding between Bifidobacterium adolescentis and butyrate-producing anaerobes from the human gut. Appl Environ Microbiol 72:3593–3599

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benyacoub J, Rochat F, Saudan K-Y, Rochat I, Antille N, Cherbut C, von der Weid T, Schiffrin EJ, Blum S (2008) Feeding a diet containing a fructooligosaccharide mix can enhance Salmonella vaccine efficacy in mice. J Nutr 138:123–129

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bosscher D, Van Loo J, Franck A (2006a) Inulin and oligofructose as prebiotics in the prevention of intestinal infections and diseases. Nutr Res Rev 19:216–226

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bosscher D, Van Loo J, Franck A (2006b) Inulin and oligofructose as functional ingredients to improve mineralization. Int Dairy J 16:1092–1097

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brighenti F, Casiraghi MC, Canzi E, Ferrari A (1999) Effect of consumption of a ready-to-eat breakfast cereal containing inulin on the intestinal milieu and blood lipids in healthy male volunteers. Eur J Clin Nutr 53:726–733

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buddington KK, Donahoo JB, Buddington RK (2002) Dietary oligofructose and inulin protect mice from enteric and systemic pathogens and tumor inducers. J Nutr 132:472–477

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bunout D, Barrera G, Hirsch S, Gattas V, Pia de la Maza M, Haschke F, Steenhout P, Klassen P, Hager C, Avendano M, Petermann M, Munoz C (2004) Effects of a nutritional supplement on the immune response and cytokine production in free-living Chilean elderly. J Parenter Enteral Nutr 28:348–354

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Butel M, Catala I, Waligora-Dupriet A, Taper H, Tessedre A, Durao J, Szylit O (2001) Protective effect of dietary oligofructose against cecitis induced by clostridia in gnotobiotic quails. Microb Ecol Health Dis 13:166–172

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Butel MJ, Roland N, Hibert A, Popot F, Favre A, Tessedre AC, Bensaada M, Rimbault A, Szylit O (1998) Clostridial pathogenicity in experimental necrotising enterocolitis in gnotobiotic quails and protective role of bifidobacteria. J Med Microbiol 47(5):391–399

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cani P, Daubioul C, Reusens B, Remacle C, Catillon G, Delzenne N (2005b) Involvement of endogeneous glucagon-like peptide-1(7–36) amide on glycemia-lowering effect of oligofructose in streptozotocin-treated rats. J Endocrin 185:457–465

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cani P, Dewever C, Delzenne M (2004) Inulin-type fructans modulate gastrointestinal peptides involved in appetite regulation (glucagon-like peptide-1 and ghrelin) in rats. Br J Nutr 92:521–526

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cani PD, Hoste S, Guiot Y, Delzenne NM (2007a) Dietary non-digestible carbohydrates promote L-cell differentiation in the proximal colon of rats. Br J Nutr 98:32–37

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cani P, Joly E, Hormans Y, Delzenne N (2006a) Oligofructose promotes satiety in healthy human: a pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr 60:567–572

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cani P, Knauf C, Iglesias M, Drucker D, Delzenne N, Burcelin R (2006b) Improvement of glucose tolerance and hepatic insulin secretion by oligofructose requires a functional glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor. Diabetes 55:1484–1490

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cani PD, Neyrinck AM, Fava F, Knauf C, Burcelin RG, Tuohy KM, Gibson GR, Delzenne NM (2007b) Selective increases of bifidobacteria in gut microflora improve high-fat-induced diabetes in mice through a mechanism associated with endotoxaemia. Diabetologica 50:2374–2383

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cani P, Neyrinck A, Maton N, Delzenne N (2005a) Oligofructose promotes satiety in rats fed a high-fat diet: involvement of glucagon-like peptide-1. Obes Res 13:1000–1007

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Casellas F, Borruel N, Torrejón A, Varela E, Antolin M, Guarner F, Malagelada J-R (2007). Oral oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation in acute colitis is well tolerated and associated with lower faecal calprotectin. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 25:1061–1067

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cherbut C, Michel C, Lecannu G (2003) The prebiotic characteristics of fructooligosaccharides are necessary for reduction of TNBS-induced colitis in rats. J Nutr 133:21–27

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daubioul C, Rousseau N, Demeure R, Gallez B, Taper H, Declerck B, Delzenne N (2002) Dietary fructans, but not cellulose, decrease triglyceride accumulation in the liver of obese Zucker fa/fa rats. J Nutr 132:967–973

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson MH, Maki KC (1999) Effects of dietary inulin on serum lipids. J Nutr 129:1474S–1477S

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Delzenne N, Aertssens J, Verplaetse H, Roccaro M, Roberfroid M (1995) Effect of fermentable fructo-oligosaccharides on mineral, nitrogen and energy digestive balance in the rat. Life Sci 57:1579–1587

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Den Hond E, Geypens B, Ghoos Y (2000) Effect of high performance chicory inulin on constipation. Nutr Res 20:731–736

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan SH, Holtrop G, Lobley GE, Calder AG, Stewart CS, Flint HJ (2004) Contribution of acetate to butyrate formation by human faecal bacteria. Br J Nutr 91:915–923

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Falony G, Vlachou A, Verbrugge K, De Vuyst L (2006) Cross-feeding between Bifidobacterium longum BB536 and acetate-converting, butyrate-producing colon bacteria during growth on oligofructose. Appl Environ Microbiol 72:7835–7841

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Firmansyah A, Pramita G, Fassler C, Haschke F, Link-Amster H (2001) Improved humoral immune response to measles vaccine in infants receiving infant cereal with fructooligosaccharides. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 31:A521

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisberg M, Maulen I, Vasquez E, Garcia J, Comer GM, Alarcon PA (2000) Effect of oral supplementation with and without synbiotics on catch-up growth in preschool children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 31:A521

    Google Scholar 

  • Franck A (2002) Technological functionality of inulin and oligofructose. Br J Nutr 87:S287–S291

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fukushima A, Ohta A, Sakai K, Sakuma K (2005) Expression of calbindin-D9k, VDR and Cdx-2 Messenger RNA in the process by which fructo-oligosaccharides increase calcium absorption in rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 51:426–432

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Furrie E, Macfarlane S, Kennedy A, Cummings JH, Walsh SV, O’Neil DA, Macfarlane GT (2005) Synbiotic therapy (Bifidobacterium longum/Synergy1) initiates resolution of inflammation in patients with active ulcerative colitis: a randomized controlled pilot trial. Gut 54:242–249

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson GR, Beatty ER, Cummings J (1995a) Selective fermentation of bifidobacteria in the human colon by oligofructose and inulin. Gastroenterology 108:975–982

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson GR, Probert HM, Van Loo J, Rastall RA Roberfroid MB (2004) Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: updating the concept of prebiotics. Nutr Res Rev 17:259–275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson GR, Roberfroid MB (1995b) Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota - Introducing the concept of prebiotics. J Nutr 125:1401–1412

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Griffin IJ, Hicks PMD, Heaney RP, Abrams SA (2003) Enriched chicory inulin increases calcium absorption mainly in girls with lower calcium absorption. Nutr Res 23:901–909

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoebregs H (1997) Fructans in foods and food products, ion-exchange chromatographic method: collaborative study. J AOAC 5:80–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoentjen F, Welling GW, Harmsen HJM, Zhang X, Snart J, Tannock GW, Lien K, Churchill TA, Lupicki M, Dieleman LA (2005) Reduction of colitis by prebiotics in HLA-B27 transgenic rats is associated with microflora changes and immunomodulation. Inflamm Bowel Dis 11:977–985

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holloway L, Moynihan S, Abrams SA, Kent K, Hsu AR, Friedlander AL (2007) Effects of oligofructose-enriched inulin on intestinal absorption of calcium and magnesium and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women. Br J Nutr 97:365–372

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson KG, Taylor GR, Clohessy AM, Williams CM (1999) The effect of the daily intake of inulin on fasting lipid, insulin and glucose concentrations in middle-aged men and women. Br J Nutr 82:23–30

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kleessen B, Sykura B, Zunft H-J, Blaut M (1997) Effects of inulin and lactose on feval microbiota, microbial activity, and bowel habit in elderly constipated persons. Am J Clin Nutr 65:1397–1402

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klinder A, Förster A, Caderni G, Femia AP, Pool-Zobel NL (2004) Fecal water genotoxicity is predictice of tumor-preventive activities by inulin-like oligofructoses, probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium lactis), and their synbiotic combination. Nutr Cancer 49:144–155

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kok NN, Morgan LM, Williams CM, Roberfroid MB, Thissen JP, Delzenne NM (1998) Insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and insulin-like growth factor I as putative mediators of the hypolipidemic effect of oligofructose in rats. J Nutr 128:1099–1103

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langlands SJ, Hopkins MJ, Coleman N, Cummings JH (2004) Prebiotic carbohydrates modify the mucosa associated microflora of the human large bowel. Gut 53:1610–1616

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lesniewska V, Rowland I, Laerke HN, Grant G, Naughton PJ (2006) Relationship between dietary-induced changes in intestinal commensal microflora and duodenojejunal myoelectric activity monitored by radiotelemetry in the rat in vivo. Exp Physiology 91:229–237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis S, Burmeister S, Brazier J (2005) Effect of the prebiotic oligofructose on relapse of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a randomized, controlled study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 3:442–448

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ley et al. (2006) Human gut microbes associated with obesity. Nature 444:1022–1023

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lindsay JO, Whelan K, Stagg AJ, Gobin P, Al-Hassi HO, Raiment N, Kamm MA, Knight SC, Forbes A (2006) Clinical, microbiological and immunological effects of fructo-oligosaccharides in patients with Crohn’s disease. Gut 55:348–355

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mathey J, Puel C, Kati-Coulibaly S, Bennetau-Pelissero C, Lebecque P, Horcajada MN, Coxam V (2004) Fructo-oligosaccharides maximize bone-spearing effects of soy isoflavone-enriched diet in ovariectomized rat. Calcif Tissue Int 75:169–179

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oli MW, Petschow BW, Buddington RK (1998) Evaluation of fructooligosaccharide supplementation of oral electrolyte solutions for treatment of diarrhea: Recovery of the intestinal bacteria. Dig Dis Sci 43:138–147

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orrhage K, Sjostedt S, Nord CE (2000) Effects of supplements with lactic acid bacteria. J Antimicrob Chemother 46:603–611

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Osman N, Adawi D, Molin G, Ahrne S, Berggren A, Jeppsson B (2006) Bifidobacterium infantis strain with and without a combination of oligofructose-enriched inulin (OFI) attenuate inflammation in DSS-induced colitis in rats. BMC Gastroenterology 6:31 (online publication)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paineau D, Payen F, Panserieu S, Coulombier G, Sobaszek A, Lartigau I, Brabet M, Galmiche J-P, Tripodi D, Sacher-Huvelin S, Chapalain V, Zourabichvilli O, Respondek F, Wagner A, Bornet FRJ (2008) The effects of regular consumption of short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides on digestive comport of subjects with minor functional bowel disorders. Br J Nutr 13:311–318

    Google Scholar 

  • Rafter J, Bennett M, Caderni G, Clune Y, Hughes R, Karlsson PC, Klinder A, O’ Riordan M, O’Sullivan GC, Pool-Zobel B, Rechkemmer G, Roller M, Rowland I, Salvadori M, Thijs H, Van Loo J, Watzl B, Collins JK (2007) Dietary synbiotics reduce cancer risk factors in polypectomized and colon cancer patients. Am J Clin Nutr 85:488–496

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rao A (2001) The prebiotic properties of oligofructose at low intake levels. Nutr Res 21:843–848

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raschka L, Daniel H (2005) Mechanisms underlying the effects of inulin-type fructans on calcium absorption in the large intestine of rats. Bone 37:728–735

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rault-Nania MH, Gueux E, Demougeot C, Demigne C, Rock E, Mazur A (2006) Inulin attenuates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Br J Nutr 96:840–844

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roberfroid MB, Cumps J, Devogelaer JP (2002) Dietary chicory inulin increases whole-body bone mineral density in growing male rats. J Nutr 132:3599–3602

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roberfroid M, Gibson G, Delzenne N (1993) Biochemistry of oligofructose, a non-digestible fructooligosaccharide: an approach to estimate its caloric value. Nutr Rev 51:137

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roller M, Femia AP, Caderni G, Rechkemmer G, Watzl B (2004) Intestinal immunity of rats with colon cancer is modulated by oligofructose-enriched inulin combined with Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium lactis. Br J Nutr 92:931–938

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saavedra J, Tschernia A (2002) Human studies with probiotics and prebiotics: clinical implications. Br J Nutr 87:S241–S246

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sauer J, Richter KK, Pool-Zobel BL (2007) Products formed during fermentation of the prebiotic inulin with human gut flora enhances expression of biotransformation genes in human primary colon cells. Br J Nutr 97:928–937

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scholtens PAM, Alles MS, Willemsen LEM, van der Braak C, Bindels JG, Boehm G, Govers MJAP (2006) Dietary fructo-oligosaccharides in healthy adults do not negatively affect faecal cytotoxicity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Br J Nutr 95:1143–1149

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scholz-Ahrens KE, Acil Y, Schrezenmeir J (2002) Effect of oligofructose or dietary calcium on repeated calcium and phosphorus balances, bone mineralization and trabecular structure in ovariectomized rats. Br J Nutr 88:365–377

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steegmans M, Iliaens S, Hoebregs H (2004) Enzymatic, spectrophotometric determination of glucose, fructose, sucrose and inulin/oligofructose in foods. J AOAC Int 87:1200–1207

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ten Bruggencate SJ, Bovee-Oudenhoven IM, Lettink-Wissink ML, Katan MB, Van der Meer R (2004) Dietary fructo-oligosaccharides and inulin decrease resistance of rats to Salmonella: protective role of calcium. Gut 53:530–535

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tuohy KM (2001) A human volunteer study on the prebiotic effects of HP-inulin-faecal bacteria enumerated using fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH). Anaerobe 7:113–118

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Loo J, Coussement P, De Leenheer L, Hoebregs H, Smits G (1995) On the presence of inulin and oligofructose as natural ingredients in the Western diet. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 35:525–552

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verghese M, Walker LT, Shackelford L, Chawan CB (2005) Inhibitory effects of nondigestible carbohydrates of different chain lengths on azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci in Fisher 344 rats. Nutr Res 25:859–868

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Videla S, Vilaseca J, Antolin M, Garcia-Lafuente A, Guarner F, Crespo E, Casalots J, Salas A, Malagelada JR (2001) Dietary inulin improves distal colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate in the rat. Am J Gastroenterol 96:1486–1493

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waligora-Dupriet A-J, Campeotto F, Nicolis I, Bonet A, Soulaines P, Dupont C, Butel M-J (2007) Effect of oligofructose supplementation on gut microflora and well-being in young children attending a day care centre. Int J Food Microbiol 113:108–113

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Welters CF, Heineman E, Thunnissen FB, van den Bogaard AE, Soeters PB, Baeten CG (2002) Effect of dietary inulin supplementation on inflammation of pouch mucosa in patients with an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. Dis Colon Rectum 45:621–627

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whelan K, Efthymiou L, Judd PA, Preedy VR, Taylor MA (2006) Appetite during consumption of enteral formula as a sole source of nutrition: the effect of supplementing pea-fibre and fructo-oligosaccharides. Br J Nutr 96:350–356

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yasuda K, Roneker K, Miller D, Welch R, Lei XG (2006) Supplemental dietary inulin affects the bioavailability of iron in corn and soybean meal to young pigs. J Nutr 136:3033–3038

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zafar TA, Weaver CM, Zhao Y, Martin BR, Wastney ME (2004) Nondigestible oligosaccharides increase calcium absorption and suppress bone resorption in ovariectomized rats. J Nutr 134:399–402

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zunft H-JF, Hanisch C, Mueller S, Koebnick C, Blaut M, Doré J (2004) Synbiotic containing Bifidobacterium animalis and inulin increases stool frequency in elderly healthy people. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 13:112

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Antwerp, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Functional Food Science and Nutrition, Wilrijk, Belgium

    Douwina Bosscher

Authors
  1. Douwina Bosscher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Biosciences, University of Reading Whiteknights, Reading, UK

    Dimitris Charalampopoulos  & Robert A. Rastall  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this entry

Cite this entry

Bosscher, D. (2009). Fructan Prebiotics Derived from Inulin. In: Charalampopoulos, D., Rastall, R.A. (eds) Prebiotics and Probiotics Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79058-9_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation