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Optical Materials and Their Properties

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Springer Handbook of Lasers and Optics

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

This chapter provides an extended overview on todayʼs optical materials, which are commonly used for optical components and systems. In Sect. 5.1 the underlying physical background on light–matter interaction is presented, where the phenomena of refraction (linear and nonlinear), reflection, absorption, emission and scattering are introduced. Sections 5.2 through 5.8 focus on the detailed properties of the most common types of optical materials, such as glass, glass ceramics, crystals, and plastics. In addition, special materials displaying “unusual nonlinear” or “quasi-nonreversible” optical behavior such as photorefractive or photorecording solids are described in Sect. 5.9. The reader could use this chapter as either a comprehensive introduction to the field of optical materials or as a reference text for the most relevant material information.

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Abbreviations

ARS:

angle-resolved scattering

CCD:

charge-coupled device

COC:

cyclic olefin copolymer

COP:

cyclic olefin polymer

CVD:

chemical vapor deposition

CW:

continuous wave

DFWM:

degenerate four-wave mixing

DWDM:

dense wavelength division multiplexed

EL:

electroluminescence

FOM:

figure of merit

FWM:

four-wave mixing

FoM:

figure of merit

HMO:

heavy metal oxide

HOMO:

highest occupied molecular orbital

IR:

infrared

ITO:

indium–tin oxide

LUMO:

lowest unoccupied molecular orbital

MQW:

multiquantum well

MTF:

modulation transfer function

NRI:

nonresonant intrinsic

OLED:

organic light-emitting device

PC:

photonic crystal

PDLC:

polymer-dispersed liquid crystal

PEDT/PSS:

polyethylenedioxythiophene/ polystyrylsulfonat

PL:

photoluminescence

PMMA:

polymethylmethacrylate

PPE:

personal protective equipment

PPV:

poly-para-phenylenevinylene

PVD:

physical vapor deposition

RE:

rare-earth

RMS:

root-mean-square

SC:

supercontinuum

SHG:

second-harmonic generation

SI:

Système International

STP:

standard temperature and pressure

THG:

third-harmonic generation

UV:

ultraviolet

YAG:

yttrium aluminium garnet

si:

semiinsulating

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Schoefferstr. 3, 64295, Darmstadt, Germany

    Matthias Brinkmann Prof.

  2. Regional Research and Development, Schott North America, 400 York Avenue, 18642, Duryea, PA, USA

    Joseph Hayden Dr.

  3. Materials Science, Central Research, Schott Glas, Hattenbergstr. 1, 55014, Mainz, Germany

    Martin Letz Dr.

  4. Service Division Research and Technology Development, SCHOTT Glas, Hattenbergstr. 10, 55014, Mainz, Germany

    Steffen Reichel Dr.

  5. Regional Research and Development, Schott North America, 400 York Avenue, 18642, Duryea, PA, USA

    Carol Click Dr.

  6. Research and Technology Development, Schott AG, Hattenbergstr. 10, 55122, Mainz, Germany

    Wolfgang Mannstadt Dr.

  7. Division Research and Technology Development Material Development, Schott Glas, Hattenbergstr. 10, 55122, Mainz, Germany

    Bianca Schreder Dr.

  8. Department of Research & Technology Development, Material Development Optical Glasses, SCHOTT Spezialglas AG, Hattenbergstr. 10, 55122, Mainz, Germany

    Silke Wolff

  9. Division Research and Technology Development Material Development, Schott AG, Hattenbergstr. 10, 55122, Mainz, Germany

    Simone Ritter Dr.

  10. Regional Research and Development, Schott North America, 400 York Avenue, 18642, Duryea, PA, USA

    Mark Davis Ph.D.

  11. Coating Department, JENOPTIK Polymer Systems GmbH, Am Sandberg 2, 07819, Triptis, Germany

    Thomas Bauer Dr.

  12. College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Central Florida Blvd. 162700, 32816, Orlando, FL, USA

    Hongwen Ren Dr.

  13. College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., 32816, Orlando, USA

    Yun-Hsing Fan

  14. College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Central Florida Blvd. 162700, 32816, Orlando, FL, USA

    Shin-Tson Wu Prof.

  15. Division Luminescence Technology, Schott Spezialglas AG, Hattenbergstr. 10, 55014, Mainz, Germany

    Klaus Bonrad Dr.

  16. Physics Department, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, 49069, Osnabrück, Germany

    Eckhard Krätzig Prof.

  17. Institute of Physics, University of Bonn, Wegelerstr. 8, 53115, Bonn, Germany

    Karsten Buse Prof.

  18. Advanced Materials Consultant, 1842 E. Pole Star Place, 85737, Oro Valley, AZ, USA

    Roger Paquin

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  1. Matthias Brinkmann Prof.
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  2. Joseph Hayden Dr.
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  15. Klaus Bonrad Dr.
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  16. Eckhard Krätzig Prof.
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  17. Karsten Buse Prof.
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  18. Roger Paquin
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Matthias Brinkmann Prof. , Joseph Hayden Dr. , Martin Letz Dr. , Steffen Reichel Dr. , Carol Click Dr. , Wolfgang Mannstadt Dr. , Bianca Schreder Dr. , Silke Wolff , Simone Ritter Dr. , Mark Davis Ph.D. , Thomas Bauer Dr. , Hongwen Ren Dr. , Yun-Hsing Fan , Shin-Tson Wu Prof. , Klaus Bonrad Dr. , Eckhard Krätzig Prof. , Karsten Buse Prof. or Roger Paquin .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132, Kassel, Germany

    Frank Träger Prof.

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Brinkmann, M. et al. (2007). Optical Materials and Their Properties. In: Träger, F. (eds) Springer Handbook of Lasers and Optics. Springer Handbooks. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30420-5_5

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