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Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology pp 167–175Cite as

Erythropoietin Signaling Pathways in Neuroprotection

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Abstract:

Erythropoietin (EPO) is the principal regulator of red blood cell production and is synthesized by the adult kidney. Insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) is a neuroprotective cytokine that supports neuronal development and survival. As neuroprotectants, EPO and IGF‐I have synergistic effects when combined. Both EPO and IGF‐I and their receptor are expressed in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) where they have been shown to play a neuroprotective role. The aim of this chapter is to identify and discuss the key signaling molecules and events published in numerous reports that are involved in EPO‐ and IGF‐I‐mediated neuroprotection. Better understanding of the intricacies of EPO signaling and EPO/IGF‐I synergy in the central and peripheral nervous system provide new strategies for novel therapies.

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Abbreviations

BAD:

Bcl2‐antagonist of cell death

c‐myc:

myc protooncogene protein; casp‐3, caspain‐3

CNS:

central nervous system

EPO:

erythropoietin

EPO‐R:

erythropoietin receptor

GSK‐3β:

glycogen synthase kinase‐3β

IAP:

inhibitors of apoptosis

IGF‐I:

insulin‐like growth factor‐I

IGF‐IR:

IGF‐I receptor

IKK:

inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa‐B kinase

JAK2:

janus family of protein tyrosine kinase‐2

MnSOD:

Mn‐superoxide dismutase

NF‐κB:

nuclear factor kappa‐B

PI‐3 kinase:

phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase

PI‐3,4‐P2 :

phosphatidylinositol‐3,4,‐diphosphate

PI‐3,4,5‐P3 :

phosphatidylinositol‐3,4,5‐trisphosphate

STAT5:

nuclear translocation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription‐5

XIAP:

X‐linked IAP

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Acknowledgments

I would like to thank Lauren Fletcher for her brilliant scientific contribution and excellent help during the preparation of this manuscript. I would also like to thank Stuart A. Lipton and Marcus Kaul for their encouragements and countless discussions.

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  1. M. Digicaylioglu
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Neurochemistry, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, 10962, Orangeburg, Newyork, USA

    Abel Lajtha (Director) (Director)

  2. Department of Neurology (Division of Neurochemistry and Neurobiology), University of Iowa College of Medicine and Veterans Administration Medical Center, 52242, lowa, lowa, USA

    Ramon Lim

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Digicaylioglu, M. (2006). Erythropoietin Signaling Pathways in Neuroprotection. In: Lajtha, A., Lim, R. (eds) Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30381-9_8

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