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Heat Shock Proteins in Brain Function

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Abstract:

Heat shock proteins are ubiquitous, highly conserved proteins helping the formation and repair of the correct conformation of other protein molecules. Cellular stress leads to heat shock protein (stress protein, molecular chaperone) induction, reflecting their protective role in cell survival. Heat shock proteins have a key importance in neuronal repair after brain damage, like trauma or stroke and in neurodegenerative diseases, such as in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's type diseases. Because of the increasing amount of damaged proteins, heat shock proteins become overloaded during the aging process. This may lead to the release of heat shock protein‐buffered, silent mutations, leading to the phenotypic exposure of previously hidden features and contributing to the onset of polygenic diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases. Heat shock protein induction and inhibition are promising pharmacological tools to protect neurons or to fight against brain tumors, respectively.

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Abbreviations

ALS:

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

DnaJ:

a co‐chaperone of the 70‐kDa heat shock protein, Hsp70

ER:

endoplasmic reticulum

G‐protein:

small GTP‐binding protein

Grp:

glucose regulated protein

Hsc70:

the constitutively expressed form of the 70‐kDa heat shock protein, Hsp70

Hsp:

heat shock protein

PU3:

a purine‐based inhibitor of the 90‐kDa heat shock protein, Hsp90

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Acknowledgments

Work in the author's laboratory was supported by research grants from the EU 6th Framework program (FP6506850), from the Hungarian Science Foundation (OTKA‐T37357), and from the Hungarian Ministry of Social Welfare (ETT‐32/03).

Authors
  1. P. Csermely
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Neurochemistry, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, 10962, Orangeburg, Newyork, USA

    Abel Lajtha (Director) (Director)

  2. Department of Neurology (Division of Neurochemistry and Neurobiology), University of Iowa College of Medicine and Veterans Administration Medical Center, 52242, lowa, lowa, USA

    Ramon Lim

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Csermely, P. (2006). Heat Shock Proteins in Brain Function. In: Lajtha, A., Lim, R. (eds) Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30381-9_13

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