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Protein Folding

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Book cover Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology

Abstract:

Since Anfinsen's famous experiments in the 1960s, it has been known that the complex three-dimensional structure of protein molecules is encoded in their amino acid sequences, and the chains autonomously fold under proper conditions. Cracking this code, which is sometimes called “the second part of the genetic code,” has been one of the greatest challenges of molecular biology. Although a full understanding of how proteins fold remains elusive, theoretical and experimental studies of protein folding have come a long way since Anfinsen's findings. In the living cell, folding occurs in a complex and crowded environment, often involving helper proteins, and in some cases it can go awry: the protein can misfold, aggregate, or form amyloid fibers. It is increasingly recognized that misfolded proteins and amyloid formation are the root cause of a number of serious illnesses including several neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the study of protein folding remains a key area of biomedical research.

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Abbreviations

AFM:

atomic force microscopy

CCP:

chaperonin-containing TCP-1

CIDNP:

chemically induced nuclear polarization

DMD:

discrete molecular dynamics

EM:

electron microscopy

ESIMS:

electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

FIS:

factor for inversion stimulation

FMN:

flavin mononucleotide

NOE:

nuclear Overhauser effect

TF:

trigger factor

TCP-1:

tailless complex polypeptide-1

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Acknowledgments

A.S. and J.K. were supported by Bolyai János fellowships. A.S. and P.Z. were supported by grants from the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA T046423 and NI-61915). S.O. was supported by a grant from the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA D-38480).

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  1. A. Szilágyi
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  2. J. Kardos
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  3. S. Osváth
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  4. L. Barna
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  5. P. Závodszky
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Neurochemistry, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, Newyork, 10962, USA

    Abel Lajtha (Director) (Director)

  2. Department of Neurosciences Division of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street Suite 309, Charleston, SC 29425, USA

    Naren Banik (Professor) (Professor)

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Szilágyi, A., Kardos, J., Osváth, S., Barna, L., Závodszky, P. (2007). Protein Folding. In: Lajtha, A., Banik, N. (eds) Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30379-6_10

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