Brunei, a British Protectorate since 1888, became an independent nation in 1984 and is known as Negara Brunei Darussalam. It consists of two enclaves on the NW coast of Borneo with a total area of 5765 km2 and is entirely surrounded on the landward side by the E Malaysian state of Sarawak. The capital is Bander Seri Begawan (formerly Brunei Town). West Brunei consists of swamp and low-lands from which ridges rise to 300 m. East Brunei is mainly mountainous rising to over 1000 m, with mangrove and peat swamp nearer the coast. The earliest geological references are in Posewitz (1892), and more recent reports in Liechti et al. (1960). Definitive accounts of the geology and geomorphology are given in Wilford (1961) and James, D.M.D. (1984). The exploration and exploitation of oil and gas dominate Brunei's economy; there is a small condensate plant at Seria and a liquified natural gas (LNG) plant at Lumut in W Brunei. Gravel and clay are worked to provide materials for the construction...
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Ho KiamFui (1978) Stratigraphic framwork for oil exploration in Sarawak. Geol. Soc. Malaysia Bull. 10, 1–13.
Hunting Technical Services Ltd (1969) Land Capability Study for the Government of the State of Brunei, 3 vols. Darussalam: Ministry of Agriculture. Negara Brunei.
James, D.M.D. (1984) The Geology and hydrocarbon resources of Negara Brunei Darussalam. Muzium Brunei and Brunei Shell Petroleum Company Berhad, 164 pp.
Liechti, P., Roe, F.N., Haile, N.S. and Kirk, H.J.C. (1960) The geology of Sarawak, Brunei and the western part of North Borneo, British Borneo Geol. Surv Bull., 3, 360 pp.
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© 1997 Chapman & Hall
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Tate, R.B., Wilford, G.E. (1997). Brunei. In: Encyclopedia of European and Asian Regional Geology. Encyclopedia of Earth Science. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4495-X_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4495-X_15
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