Capping of Contaminated Coastal Areas
The rapid and under-regulated development of industries in the past has left major contamination problems in several coastal and estuarine areas. Such contamination from historical chemical releases (industrial discharges, storm sewers, wastewater, landfill runoff, and leachate) severely impairs the ecological and recreational functions of the estuary/ocean. The discharged contaminants typically adhere to the fine sediments and settle in low-energy zones, which are conducive to deposition. Once settled, such sediments can exert significant oxygen demand, reduce benthic diversity, and result in poor water quality.
Contaminated sediment removal can be expensive because a high degree of efficiency and reliability is required in such operations. Capping is an attractive, nonintrusive and cost-effective method of remediating contaminated sediments in rivers and harbors, where draft restriction is not a major concern. The same physicochemical properties...
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Russell, R.C., 1958. Long straight beaches, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 51: 591–598.
Steers, J.A., 1964. The Coastline of England and Wales, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cross-references
Environmental Quality
Geotextile Applications
Human Impact on Coasts
Marine Debris—Onshore, Offshore, Seafloor Litter
Numerical Modeling
Water Quality
Cross-references
Beachrock
Beach Sediment Characteristics
Cays
Cheniers
Coral Reefs
Coral Reef Coasts
Dune Calcarenite (see Eolianite)
Sandy Coasts
Tidal Flats
Cross references
Coastal Climate
Coral Reefs
Mangroves, Coastal Ecology
Mangroves, Coastal Geomorphology
Meterorologic Effects on Coasts
Mining of Coastal Materials
Small Islands
Tourism and Coastal Development
Tourism, Criteria for Coastal Sites
Cross-references
Coastal Zone Management
Economic Value of Beaches
Environmental Quality
Human Impact on Coasts
Tourism and Coastal Development
Tourism, Criteria for Coastal Sites
1._Cross-references
Atolls
Beachrock
Coral Reef Islands
Coral Reefs
Hydrology of Coastal Zone
Cross-references
Bioerosion
Cliffed Coasts
Cliffs, Erosion Rates
Cliffs, Lithology versus Erosion Rates
Coastline Changes
Europe, Coastal Geomorphology
Shore Platforms
Cross-references
Coastal Changes, Gradual
El Niño-Southern Oscillation
Eustasy
Geodesy
Late Quaternary Marine Transgression
Sea-Level Changes During the Last Millennium
Sea-Level Datum
Tide-Gauges
1._Cross-references
Beach Features
Beach Ridges
Cross-Shore Sediment Transport
Deltas
Muddy Coasts
Sandy Coasts
Storm Surge
Cross-references
Beach Use and Behaviors
Conservation of Coastal Sites
Environmental Quality
Human Impact on Coasts
Lifesaving and Beach Safety
Marine Debris—Onshore, Offshore, Seafloor Litter
Rating Beaches
Tourism and Coastal Development
Cross-references
Cliffs, Erosion Rates
Cliffs, Lithology versus Erosion Rates
Faulted Coasts
Mass Wasting
Notches
Paraglacial Coasts
Rock Coast Processes
Shore Platforms
Cross-references
Cliffed Coasts
Cliff, Lithology versus Erosion Rate
Coastline Changes
Dams, Effect on Coasts
Human Impact
Rock Coast Processes on Coasts
Storm Surges
Cross-references
Bioerosion
Cliffed Coasts
Cliffs, Erosion Rates
Coastline Changes
Rock Coast Processes
Shore Platforms
Weathering in the Coastal Zone
Cross-references
Coastal Climate
Coastal Currents
Coastal Temperature Trends
Coastal Upwelling and Downwelling
Databases (see Appendix 4)
El Niño-Southern Oscillation
Global Vulnerability Analysis
Meteorologic Effects on Coasts
Cross-references
Beach Erosion
Beach Processes
Coastal Changes, Gradual
Coastal Changes, Rapid
Coastline Changes
Coasts, Coastlines, Shores and Shorelines
Continental Shelves
Erosion Processes
Mapping Shores and Coastal Terrain
Tidal Datums
Tide Gauges
Tides
Cross-references
Changing Sea Levels
Coastal Changes, Rapid
Coral Reefs, Emerged
El Niño-Southern Oscillation
Holocene Coastal Geomorphology
Sea-Level Changes During the Last Millennium
Submerging Coasts
Uplift Coasts
Cross-references
Barrier Islands
Changing Sea Levels
Coastal Changes, Gradual
Coastal Lakes and Lagoons
Deltas
Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
Meteorological Effects on Coasts
Sediment transport (see Cross-Shore Sediment Transport and Longshore Sediment Transport)
Storm Surge
Tide Gauges
Tsunami
Cross-references
Climate Patterns in the Coastal Zone
Coastal Temperature Trends
Desert Coasts
El Niño-Southern Oscillation
Geographical Coastal Zonality
Ice-Bordered Coasts
Meteorological Effects on Coasts
Sea Breeze Effects
Storm Surge
Cross-references
Pressure Gradient Force
Rip Currents
Shelf Processes
Surf Zone Processes
Tides
Vorticity
Wave-Current Interaction
Waves
Cross-references
Honeycomb Weathering
Rock Coast Processes
Shore Platforms
Tafoni
Weathering in the Coastal Zone
Cross-references
Barrier
Beach Processes
Changing Sea Levels
Holocene Epoch
Longshore Sediment Transport
Spits
Tidal Prism
Cross-references
Numerical Modeling
Surf Modeling
Time Series Modeling
Wave Climate Modeling
Wave Refraction Diagrams
Cross-references
Barrier Islands
Bars
Beach Sediment Characteristics
Beach Stratigraphy
Cheniers
Deltas
Dynamic Equilibrium of Beaches
Estuary
Offshore Sand Banks and Linear Sand Ridges
Offshore Sand Sheets
Surf Zone Processes
Tidal Flats
Tidal Flats, Open Ocean Coasts
Tides
Waves
Cross-references
Alluvial Plain Coasts
Barrier Islands
Beach Ridges
Beachrock
Bogs
Changing Sea Levels
Cheniers
Coastal Sedimentary Facies
Deltaic Ecology
Dune Ridges
Hydrology of Coastal Zone
Mangroves, Ecology
Mangroves, Geomorphology
Muddy Coasts
Peat
Salt Marsh
Sandy Coasts
Submerged Coasts
Vegetated Coasts
Weathering in the Coastal Zone
Wetlands
Cross-references
Coastal Sedimentary Facies
Dams, Effect on Coasts
Deltas
Eustasy
Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
Isostasy
Sea-Level Rise, Effect
Sedimentary Basins
Submerged Coasts
Submerging Coasts
Tide Gauges
Cross-references
Climate Patterns in the Coastal Zone
Coastal Climate
Environmental Quality
Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
Meteorological Effects on Coasts
Water Quality
Cross-references
Coastal Climate
Coastal Currents
Coastal Modeling and Simulation
Coastal Wind Effects
El Niñ-Southern Oscillation
Meteorologic Effects on Coasts
Numerical Modeling
Shelf Processes
Time Series Modeling
Vorticity
Cross-references
Coastal Climate
Coral Reefs
Human Impact on Coasts
Pacific Ocean Islands, Coastal Geomorphology
Scour and Burial of Objects in Shallow Water
Tidal Environments
Tides
Wave Environments
Cross-references
Archaeology
Archaeological Site Location, Effect of Sea-Level Changes
Changing Sea Levels
Desert Coasts
Hydrology of Coastal Zone
Cross-references
Beach Erosion
Coastal Upwelling and Downwelling
Cross-Shore Sediment Transport
Storm Surge
Tides
Waves
Cross-references
Beach Erosion
Beach Nourishment
Changing Sea Levels
Coastal Boundaries
Coastal Changes, Gradual
Coastal Changes, Rapid
Conservation of Coastal Sites
Cross-Shore Sediment Transport
Dams, Effect on Coasts
Dredging of Coastal Environments
Economic Value of Beaches
Estuary
Geographical Coastal Zonality
Human Impact on Coasts
Longshore Sediment Transport
Mapping Shores and Coastal Terrain
Marine Debris
Marine Parks
Monitoring, Coastal Ecology
Monitoring, Coastal Geomorphology
Rating Beaches
Sea Level Change (see Changing Sea Levels)
Sea-Level Rise, Effect
Sediment Budget
Shore Protection Structures
Tourism and Coastal Development
Waves
Cross-references
Changing Sea Levels
Coastal Changes, Gradual
Coastal Changes, Rapid
Cliffs, Erosion Rates
Coastal Subsidence
Deltas
Glaciated Coasts
Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
Mapping Shores and Coastal Terrain
Volcanic Coasts
Cross-references
Beach Processes
Coastal Changes, Rapia
Changing Sea Levels
Littoral Cells
Mapping Shores and Coastal Terrain
Remote Sensing of Coastal Environments
Sediment Transport (see Cross-Shore Sediment Transport and Longshore Sediment Transport)
Tides
Cross-references
Beach Sediment Characteristics
Cross-Shore Sediment Transport
Erosion Processes
Estuaries
Longshore Sediment Transport
Nearshore Sediment Transport Measurement
Numerical Modeling
Sediment Budget
Tidal Environments
Wave Climate
Wave-Current Interaction
Cross-references
Archaeology
Environmental Quality
Human Impact on Coasts
Marine Parks
Organizations
Rating Beaches
Tourism and Coastal Development
Tourism, Criteria for Coastal Sites
Cross-references
Barrier Islands
Coral Reefs
Deltas
Offshore Sand Banks and Linear Sand Ridges
Offshore Sand Sheets
Reefs, Non-Coral
Shelf Processes
Cross-references
Algal Rims
Beachrock
Biohermes and Biostromes
Coral Reef Islands
Coral Reefs
Coral Reefs, Emerged
Demography of Coastal Populations
Environmental Quality
Human Impact on Coasts
Mangrove, Ecology
Water Quality
Cross-references
Atolls
Cays
Coral Reefs
Coral Reefs, Emerged
Small islands
Cross-references
Atolls
Cays
Coral Reef Coasts
Coral Reef Islands
Coral Reefs, Emerged
Karst Coasts
Cross-references
Atolls
Coral Reefs
Notches
Seismic Displacement
Tectonics and Neotectonics
Uplift Coasts
Cross-references
Beach Erosion
Coastal Processes (see Beach Processes)
Cross-Shore Variation in Sediment Size Distribution
Depth of Closure on Sandy Coasts
Dynamic Equilibrium of Beaches
Erosion Processes
Numerical Modeling
Profiling, Beach
Waves
Cross-references
Beach Processes
Cross-Shore Sediment Transport
Dynamic Equilibrium of Beaches
Sandy Coasts
Sediment Suspension by Waves
Surf Zone Processes
Cross-references
Barrier
Beach Ridges
Gravel Barriers
Gravel Beaches
Offshore Sand Banks and Linear Sand Ridges
Spits
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer
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Mohan, R.K. et al. (2005). C. In: Schwartz, M.L. (eds) Encyclopedia of Coastal Science. Encyclopedia of Earth Science Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_3
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