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Australia, Coastal Ecology

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Encyclopedia of Coastal Science

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Earth Science Series ((EESS))

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Australia is a large island continent with over 61,700 km of coastline (including near by islands). The coastline stretches from the tropics (10°S) to cool temperate (44°S), north-south, encompassing 30° of longitude (113° E to 153° E), east-west. Australia’s ocean territory is one of the largest marine jurisdictions in the world (16.1 million km2) and extends from the tropical epicenter of global marine biodiversity to the Antarctic (Zann, 1995). Australia’s continental inshore environment contains a major slice of the marine biodiversity of the Southern Hemisphere, including a large number of unique species (in the temperate south) and species threatened in neighboring regions (in the tropical north).

Several features distinguish Australian coastal environments from other coastal environments in the world: high climate variability; low runoff; and the influence of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Australia has the least runoff, the fewest rivers and the lowest rainfall of any...

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Cross-references

  1. Australia, Coastal Geomorphology

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  2. Coral Reefs

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  3. History, Coastal Ecology

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  4. Indian Ocean Coasts, Coastal Ecology

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  5. Mangroves, Coastal Ecology

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  6. New Zealand, Coastal Ecology

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  7. Rock Coast processes

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  8. Salt Marsh

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  9. Sandy Coasts

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  10. Wetlands

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia

    Karen S. Edyvane

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  1. Karen S. Edyvane
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, USA

    Maurice L. Schwartz

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Edyvane, K.S. (2005). Australia, Coastal Ecology. In: Schwartz, M.L. (eds) Encyclopedia of Coastal Science. Encyclopedia of Earth Science Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_23

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