Almost all the mineral commodities mined on land are found also within the marine environment (Table 1), although few of them are economically recoverable. The reason for this has been mostly a lack of knowledge of the geological marine environment and a lack of incentive to develop the resources in that environment. This situation is changing, however, largely due to disconveries of new minerals in the deep sea bed and to international interest or controvery over their ownership (United Nations, 1982). Two basic geologic divisions of the sea bed affect the development of mining systems: (1) the continental margins from the coast to depths of several hundred meters and (2) the deep sea bed at depths of several thousands of meters. On the political side, these approximate areas are becoming known and accepted as the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Within approximately 200 mi of land and the Area of the Seabed Beyond the Limits of National Jurisdiction (the Area). The minerals and the...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Austin, C. R., 1966, Manned undersea structures, the rock site concept, Naval Ordnance Test Station, (Tp 4162), 44p.
Cruickshank, M. J., 1962, Exploration and Exploitation of Offshore Mineral Deposits, M.Sc. thesis, Colorado School of Mines, 185p.
Cruickshank, M. J., 1973, Mining and Mineral Recovery: Undersea Technology Handbook Directory. Houston: Compass Publications, A15–28.
Cruickshank, M. J., 1978, Technological and Environmental Considerations in the Exploration and Exploitation of Marine Minerals, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 217p.
Cruickshank, M. J., 1982, Recent studies on marine mineral resources, paper presented at the Oceanology International Conference, Brighton, England, March 2–9.
Cruickshank, M. J., and R. W. Marsden, 1973, Marine mining, in A. B. Cummins and I. A. Innes, eds., Mining Engineering Handbook. New York: Society of Mining Engineers, Chapter 20.
Cruickshank, M. J., C. M. Romanowitz, and M. P. Overall, 1968, Offshore mining—Present and future, Eng. and Min. Jour. 60(1), 84–91.
Dames & Moore and E.I.C. Corp., 1977, Description of Manganese Nodule Processing Activities for Environmental Studies, vol. 1. Processing Systems. Rockville, M.d.: U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 132p.
Gauthier, M. A., and J. H. Marvaldi, 1975, The twoship CLB system for mining polymetallic nodules, paper presented at the Oceanology International Conference, Brighton, England.
Lee, C. O., et al., 1960, The Grand Isle Mine, Mining Eng. 12(6), 578–590.
Marine Board, 1975, Mining in the Outer Continental Shelf and in the Deep Ocean. Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Academy of Sciences.
Masuda, Y., M. J. Cruickshank, and J. L. Mero, 1971, Continuous bucket line dredging at 12,000 feet, Offshore Technology Conf. Proc. (OTC 1410), 837–858.
Mustafa, Z., and H. M. Amann, 1980, The Red Seapre-pilot mining test 1979, Offshore Technology Conf. Proc. (OTC 3874), 197–210.
Taggert, A., 1945, Handbook of Mineral Dressing. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1,915p.
Thompson, R. M., and K. G. Smith, 1970, Undersea lode mining in Alaska, paper presented at the Second Annual Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, April 22–24 (Paper No. OTC 1312).
United Nations, 1980, Draft Convention on the Law of the Sea (informal text). New York: U.S. Department of State, Office of the Law of the Sea Negotiations, 180p.
U.S. Department of Commerce, 1981, Deep Seabed Mining. Washington, D.C.: NOAA (Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement), vol. I, 221–260.
U.S. Department of the Interior, 1974, Proposed outer continental shelf hard mineral mining operating and leasing operations, draft environmental statement, Washington, D.C., 362p.
Welling, C. G., 1981, An advanced design deep sea mining system, Offshore Technology Conf. Proc. No. 4094, 247–255.
Cross-references
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc.
About this entry
Cite this entry
Cruickshank, M.J. (1988). Marine mining . In: General Geology. Encyclopedia of Earth Science. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30844-X_75
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30844-X_75
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-442-22499-8
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-30844-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive