Introduction
Bacteria were the first life-forms to appear on Earth and they have a long history of association with mineral surfaces. Surfaces of clay minerals played an important role in the initial evolutionary processes of bacteria and the diversification of their physiology (Kluyver and van Niel, 1956; Mayr, 1998; Wächtershäuser, 1988; Woese, 1987; Woese, 1990; Woese, 1998; Woese and Olsen, 1986). Bacteria also adapt themselves to a mode of living on physical surfaces and at interfaces (Angles et al., 1993; Bitton, 1980; Brune et al., 2000; Caldwell et al., 1997; Fenchel and Finlay, 1995; Fletcher, 1980; Glagolev, 1984; Hugenholtz et al., 1998; Margulis, 1981; Marshall, 1992; Moat and Foster, 1988; Pace, 1997; Wolfaardt et al., 1994; Zavarzin et al., 1994; Zinder, 1993). In addition, they are capable of degrading a wide range of pollutants (Gibson, 1984; Gu and Berry, 1991; Gu and Berry, 1992a; Gu et al., 1992b; Young and Cerniglia, 1995). It is well recognized that degradation of...
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Gu, JD., Mitchell, R. (2006). Biodeterioration. In: Dworkin, M., Falkow, S., Rosenberg, E., Schleifer, KH., Stackebrandt, E. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30741-9_27
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