Magma is a hot, viscous, volatile molten silicate (melt) in the upper mantle and the deep crust. The main components are silicates and volatiles (mainly water), which make up 60–69%, and the remainder is CO2, SO, CO, N2, H2, NH3, NH4, HCl, HF, B(OH)2, KCl, and NaCl. The temperature of magma is generally between 500 °C and 1,300 °C. Its viscosity depends on the SiO2 content, and the volatile content is related to the magma temperature.
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(2020). Magma. In: Chen, A., Ng, Y., Zhang, E., Tian, M. (eds) Dictionary of Geotourism. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2538-0_1485
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2538-0_1485
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