Synonyms
Definition
The form error deviation of the real (manufactured) feature (i.e., line, axis, surface, center plane) from the geometrically ideal nominal feature is to be measured and evaluated by analogy to the definition of the form tolerance in ISO 1101. It is the minimum distance of the quasi-parallel boundaries of a zone, in which the entire surface of a real feature, its line element, its axis, or its center plane remains. The boundaries of the zone are formed:
For standard features
In 2D case by two geometrically ideal 2D features (lines), which are in a common plane
In 3D case by two – geometrically ideal – nominal features
The nominal 3D features or the nominal 2D lines must show everywhere the same distance to each other (Euclidian distance evaluated for the entire feature mathematically by Chebyshev criterion).
For profiles (free-form lines or sculptured surfaces):
For “profile any line” or “profile any...
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ISO 1101 (2012) Geometrical product specifications(GPS) – geometrical tolerancing – tolerances of form, orientation, location and run-out. International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Geneva
ISO 12181–1 (2011) Geometrical product specifications (GPS) – roundness – Part 1: vocabulary and parameters of roundness. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva
ISO 17450-1 (2011) Geometrical product specifications (GPS) – General concepts – Part 1: model for geometrical specification and verification. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva
Humienny Z (2009) State of art in standardization in GPS area. CIRP J Manuf Sci Technol 2(1):1–7
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Srinivasan V (2012) Reflections on the role of science in the evolution of dimensioning and tolerancing standards. In: Jiang X (ed) Proceedings of the 12th CIRP conference on computer aided tolerancing – programme and abstracts, pp 18–32
Weckenmann A (2012) Koordinatenmesstechnik: Flexible Strategien für funktions- und fertigungsgerechtes Prüfen [Coordinate metrology: flexible strategies for function and manufacturing related testing], 2nd edn. Hanser, München, p 273. (in German)
Weckenmann A, Eitzert H, Garmer M, Weber H (1995) Functionality-oriented evaluation and sampling strategy in coordinate metrology. Precis Eng 17(4):244–252
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Weckenmann, A.A. (2019). Form Error. In: Chatti, S., Laperrière, L., Reinhart, G., Tolio, T. (eds) CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53120-4_6683
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53120-4_6683
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