Synonyms
Metal structures; Steel connections; Steel construction
Introduction
The use of metals as the principal construction material for modern buildings and bridges dates back to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution (Bodsworth 2001; Ashton 1968). Three metallic materials have been commonly used in the construction industry: cast and wrought iron, steel, and aluminum. Cast iron, which was first manufactured as early as fifth century BC, is typically considered to be too brittle and difficult to join but received widespread application in construction through the late eighteenth century. The use of cast iron is uncommon in today’s construction industry, but some ductile cast irons continue to be used in specialized applications such as water pipes. The use of cast iron was rapidly replaced by wrought iron, which was easier to work with, leading to the construction of the first large metal structure, the Iron Bridge at Coalbrookdale by A. Darby in 1780 (www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Iron_Bridge_at_Coalbrookdale.html...
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Leon, R. (2015). Steel Structures. In: Beer, M., Kougioumtzoglou, I.A., Patelli, E., Au, SK. (eds) Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_109
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_109
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