Synonyms
Abyssal environments; Coastal; Continental shelf; Ocean floor; Oceanic island
Definition
Marine environments are those in the World’s Seas and Oceans below mean high tide mark.
Marine environments relate to the morphology of near shore, off shore, and deep water zones of the ocean. Current classifications focus mainly on marine topography, habitats, and fisheries rather than engineering characteristics (Fig. 1).
Ocean floor topography (Source: Wikimedia, Public Domain)
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Erickson J (1996) Marine geology: undersea landforms and life forms, Changing earth series. Facts on File Inc., New York, p 243. ISBN 10-08160-3354-4
Hedgepeth J (1957) Classification of marine environments. In: Ladd JW, Ladd HS (eds) Treatise on marine ecology and paleoecology. volume 1: Ecology. Geological Society of America Memoir No. 67. Geological Society of America, Boulder, pp 17–28. https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM67V1-1957 p17
Seibold E, Berger WH (1994) The sea floor: an introduction to marine geology. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg. ISBN 0-387-56884-0
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Marker, B.R. (2018). Marine Environments. In: Bobrowsky, P.T., Marker, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Engineering Geology. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73568-9_195
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73568-9_195
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