Historical Background
It has been estimated that around 10% of total bone mass is renewed per year leading to a full replacement of the bone tissue every 10 years. This biological mechanism called “bone remodeling” plays a central role in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and is the result of a balance between osteoclast and osteoblast activities. Indeed, osteoclasts originating from hematopoietic stem cells resorb bone (Rousselle and Heymann 2002); and in contrast, osteoblasts, which come from mesenchymal stem cells, are specialized in the formation of new mineralized extracellular matrix (Dechaseaux et al. 2009). For many years, a central regulation based on hormone network including parathyroid hormone (PTH) or calcitonin has been considered as the key...
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Heymann, D., Heymann, MF. (2018). Osteoprotegerin. In: Choi, S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_101718
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