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Pathology of the Pleura and Mediastinum pp 292–296Cite as

Neurofibroma, Mediastinal

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Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Pathology ((EP))

Synonyms

Localized neurofibroma; Plexiform neurofibroma; Solitary neurofibroma

Definition

Neurofibroma is a benign, well-defined, and usually not encapsulated peripheral nerve sheath tumor. It consists of all nerve elements like Schwann cells, myelinated and unmyelinated axons, and fibroblasts, with mast cells and perineurial-like cells. They mostly occur sporadically (up to 55%) or in patients with neurofibromatosis 1 (von Recklinghausen’s disease). It can grow as localized, diffuse, or plexiform lesion.

Clinical Features

  • Incidence

    Neurofibromas are the second most common neurogenic tumors in mediastinum, following schwannomas. They comprise 2–4% of all mediastinal tumors.

  • Age

    Neurofibromas can be found in all age groups, mostly between the age of 20 and 30 years, but are occurring in younger age if located in mediastinum as well as in congenital forms and in patients with neurofibromatosis 1.

  • Sex

    Men and women are equally affected.

  • Site

    Mediastinal neurofibromas occur mostly in...

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References and Further Reading

  • Goldblum, J. R., Folpe, A. L., & Weiss, S. W. (2014). Benign tumors of peripheral nerves. In J. R. Goldblum, A. L. Folpe, & S. W. Weiss (Eds.), Enzinger and Weiss’s soft tissue tumors (pp. 796–813). Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders.

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  • Kanzaki, R., Inoue, M., Minami, M., Sawabata, N., Shintani, Y., Nakagiri, T., & Okumura, M. (2013). Bilateral mediastinal neurofibroma of the vagus nerves in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1. Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 19, 293–296.

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  • Macchiarini, P., & Ostertag, H. (2004). Uncommon primary mediastinal tumours. Lancet Oncology, 5, 107–118.

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  • Scheithauer, B. W., Louis, D. N., Hunter, S., Woodruff, J. M., & Antonescu, C. R. (2007). Neurofibroma. In D. N. Louis, H. Ohgaki, O. D. Wiestler, & W. K. CAvenee (Eds.), WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous system (pp. 156–157). Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer.

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  • Shintani, Y., Ohta, M., Hazama, K., Minami, M., Okumura, M., Hirabayashi, H., & Matsuda, H. (2002). Bilateral cervicomediastinal neurofibroma originating from the vagal nerve in a patient with von Recklinghausen’s disease: Report of a case. Surgery Today, 32, 1068–1071.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036, Graz, Austria

    Luka Brcic

Authors
  1. Luka Brcic
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Correspondence to Luka Brcic .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, The University of Mississippi Medical School, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA

    Timothy Craig Allen

  2. Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Saul Suster

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Brcic, L. (2018). Neurofibroma, Mediastinal. In: Allen, T.C., Suster, S. (eds) Pathology of the Pleura and Mediastinum. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66796-6_42

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66796-6_42

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-66795-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-66796-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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