Synonyms
Network hubs
Definition
A rich club network is one that contains a set of relatively highly interconnected hubs. That is, these important brain network hubs have more edges among them than would be expected by chance based on the sparsity of the network. The rich club network in humans forms a robust, central core that is important in information processing and resilience to network damage.
Current Knowledge
The human brain was first found to have a rich club organization in a DTI-based structural network analysis that described a functionally important core of interconnected hubs including the thalamus, precuneus, superior frontal and superior parietal cortices, as well as the hippocampus and putamen (van den Heuval and Sporns 2011). This rich club organization has since been observed in the newborn human brain, and has been described as a common intermediary pathway in many short paths between more peripheral nodes (Ball et al. 2014; van den Heuval et al. 2012).
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References and Readings
Ball, G., Aljabar, P., Zebari, S., Tusor, N., Arichi, T., Merchant, N., et al. (2014). Rich-club organization of the newborn human brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(20), 7456–7461. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1324118111.
Bullmore, E., & Sporns, O. (2012). The economy of brain network organization. Nature Reviews. Neuroscience, 13(5), 336–349. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3214.
Crossley, N. A., Mechelli, A., Ginestet, C., Rubinov, M., Bullmore, E. T., & McGuire, P. (2016). Altered hub functioning and compensatory activations in the Connectome: A meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 42(2), 434–442. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbv146.
Daianu, M., Jahanshad, N., Nir, T. M., Jack, C. R., Weiner, M. W., Bernstein, M. A., et al. (2015). Rich club analysis in the Alzheimer’s disease connectome reveals a relatively undisturbed structural core network. Human Brain Mapping, 36(8), 3087–3103. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.22830.
van den Heuvel, M. P., & Sporns, O. (2011). Rich-Club Organization of the Human Connectome. The Journal of Neuroscience, 31(44), 15775–15786. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.3539-11.2011.
Wirsich, J., Perry, A., Ridley, B., Proix, T., Golos, M., Bénar, C., et al. (2016). Whole-brain analytic measures of network communication reveal increased structure-function correlation in right temporal lobe epilepsy. NeuroImage: Clinical, 11, 707–718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2016.05.010.
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Kirwan, B., Bodily, T. (2018). Rich Club Networks. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_9074
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_9074
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