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Lyme Disease

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology

  • 9 Accesses

Synonyms

Borreliosis

Short Description or Definition

Lyme disease, caused primarily by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in the USA, and by the closely related spirochetes B. afzelii and B. garinii in Europe, is transmitted by hard-shelled Ixodes ticks. Typically, 3–30 days after the tick bite, there is a slowly expanding flat rash, known as erythema migrans (EM) which often has a central clear area giving it a “bull’s-eye” appearance. In children this rash occurs in up to 90% of infected individuals (Pediatric Lyme Disease Study Group et al. 1996); in others it either does not occur or goes unnoticed. The infection can disseminate, causing multisystem involvement. The Lyme disease case definition (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1997) is a person with EM or with at least one characteristic late manifestation and laboratory confirmation of the infection.

Categorization of Systemic and Neurological Involvement

Infection may be accompanied by fatigue and malaise. Disseminated...

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Overlook Medical Center, Atlantic Health System, Summit, NJ, USA

    John Halperin

  2. Department of Neuropsychology Research, Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA

    Lauren B. Krupp & Patricia Melville

Authors
  1. John Halperin
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  2. Lauren B. Krupp
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  3. Patricia Melville
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to John Halperin .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

    Jeffrey S. Kreutzer

  2. Kessler Foundation, Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ, USA

    John DeLuca

  3. Independent Practice, Wynnewood, PA, USA

    Bruce Caplan

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Halperin, J., Krupp, L.B., Melville, P. (2018). Lyme Disease. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_563

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