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Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology pp 795–797Cite as

Circadian Rhythms

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Synonyms

Biological cycles; Biorhythms; Circadian clock

Short Description or Definition

One of the pervasive characteristics of living organisms are rhythmic biological and behavioral changes, which are expressed at varying levels of organization ranging from the cellular to highly complex multicellular systems. These rhythms are generally referred to as circadian rhythms, and they organize a variety of behaviors, including sleep, which is, for example, characterized by a 90-min rapid eye movement (REM) cycle and the wakefulness–sleep cycle, which is organized around an approximate 24-h cycle (Carlson 1999).

Categorization

The core body temperature rhythm and the sleep–wake cycle are among the most extensively studied of the human biorhythms (Weinert 2010) with the 24-h circadian rhythms figuring prominently in the literature. These rhythms impact daily life (e.g., work, school, medical–psychological status) and are of relatively brief duration, so they are amenable to study (Clark 2005...

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References and Readings

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, USA

    Bruce J. Diamond & Walter Barr

Authors
  1. Bruce J. Diamond
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  2. Walter Barr
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bruce J. Diamond .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

    Jeffrey S. Kreutzer

  2. Kessler Foundation, Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ, USA

    John DeLuca

  3. Independent Practice, Wynnewood, PA, USA

    Bruce Caplan

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Diamond, B.J., Barr, W. (2018). Circadian Rhythms. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_546

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