Definition
Holistic brain injury (BI) rehabilitation is an approach to postacute (posthospital) rehabilitation following brain injury that is directed at the “whole person.” As such, holistic programs include interventions that target cognitive, affective, behavioral, physical, social, and vocational difficulties and barriers confronting the person with BI.
Historical Background
Holistic brain injury rehabilitation was pioneered by Yehuda Ben-Yishay, Ph.D., in the 1980s, and elaborated by George P. Prigatano, Ph.D.
In 1994, Lance Trexler, Ph.D., convened a consensus conference in Zionsville, IN, that included Dr. Ben-Yishay and other seminal practitioners in holistic rehabilitation. This group identified the following key features of holistic rehabilitation:
Rehabilitation planning based on a comprehensive assessment
Neuropsychological orientation
Individualized goal setting
Therapeutic milieu
Outcome-oriented rehabilitation planning
High intensity of rehabilitation programming
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References and Readings
Cantor, J., Ashman, T., Dams-O’Connor, K., Dijkers, M. P., Gordon, W., Spielman, L., et al. (2014). Evaluation of the short-term executive plus intervention for executive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury: A randomized controlled trial with minimization. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 95(1), 1–9.
Cicerone, K. D., Dahlberg, C., Kalmar, K., Langenbahn, D. M., Malec, J. F., Bergquist, T. F., et al. (2000). Evidence-based cognitive rehabilitation: Recommendations for clinical practice. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 81, 1596–1615.
Cicerone, K. D., Dahlberg, C., Kalmar, K., Malec, J. K., Langenbahn, D. M., Felicetti, T., et al. (2005). Evidence-based cognitive rehabilitation: Updated review of the literature from 1998 through 2002. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 86, 1681–1692.
Cicerone, K. D., Langenbahn, D. M., Braden, C., Malec, J. F., Kalmar, K., Fraas, M., et al. (2011). Evidence-based cognitive rehabilitation: Updated review of the literature from 2003 through 2008. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 92, 519–530.
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Malec, J.F. (2018). Holistic Brain Injury Rehabilitation. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_245
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_245
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