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Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology pp 354–356Cite as

ASIA Impairment Scale

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Synonyms

ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) exam; Frankel scale; International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury

Description

The International Standards for Neurological Classification of SCI (ISNCSCI) is a widely accepted and readily administered guide to document neurological function after spinal cord injury (SCI) and is intended to be a standard for measuring neurological outcomes in both clinical and research settings. Briefly, these standards utilize a two-step process consisting of a specific neurological examination followed by a classification procedure based on the results of the exam. The systematic neurological examination assesses sensory and motor function of each spinal segmental level. Sensation of light touch and pinprick (PP) stimuli is scored as 0 for absent, 1 for impaired, and 2 for normal. Motor function is scored on a scale of 0 for total paralysis to 5 for normal strength. All 28 dermatomes are tested bilaterally for sensory...

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References and Readings

  • American Spinal Injury Association. (2002). International standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury (revised 2002). Chicago: American Spinal Injury Association.

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  • American Spinal Injury Association. (2003). Reference manual for the international standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury (revised 2003). Chicago: American spinal injury association.

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  • Furlan, J. C., Fehlings, M. G., Tator, C. H., & Davis, A. M. (2008). Motor and sensory assessment of patients in clinical trials for pharmacological therapy of acute spinal cord injury: Psychometric properties of the ASIA standards. Journal of Neurotrauma, 25(11), 1273–1301.

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  • Kirshblum, S. C., Memmo, P., Kim, N., Campagnolo, D., & Millis, S. (2002). Comparison of the revised 2000 American spinal injury association classification standards with the 1996 guidelines. American journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 81(7), 502–505.

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  • Mulcahey, M. J., Gaughan, J., Betz, R. R., & Johansen, K. J. (2007). The international standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury: Reliability of data when applied to children and youths. Spinal Cord, 45(6), 452–459.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. TBIMS National Data and Statistical Center, Craig Hospital, Englewood, CO, USA

    Amitabh Jha

Authors
  1. Amitabh Jha
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Correspondence to Amitabh Jha .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

    Jeffrey S. Kreutzer

  2. Kessler Foundation, Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ, USA

    John DeLuca

  3. Independent Practice, Wynnewood, PA, USA

    Bruce Caplan

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Jha, A. (2018). ASIA Impairment Scale. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1793

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