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Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology pp 1050–1057Cite as

Deaf/Hearing Impairment

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Synonyms

Deaf; Hard of hearing; Hearing impaired; Hearing loss

Short Description or Definition

Medical definitions of deafness refer to impairment in the physical structures necessary for hearing and understanding language. The term deaf refers to a degree of hearing loss that significantly impacts access to auditory language; hard of hearing typically refers to a hearing loss that still allows for some understanding of auditory information. Medical and functional definitions of deafness do not necessarily correspond with an individual’s cultural identity. The cultural definition (commonly indicated by the capitalized term “Deaf”) refers to individuals who reject the medical notion that deafness represents impairment per se and identify with a community of individuals who share common experiences, a rich cultural heritage, and a shared language – sign language (Lane et al. 1996).

Syndromes

Konigsmark and Gorlin (1976) have described over 140 syndromes of hearing loss, and the...

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Deborah Witsken

  2. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China

    Yuan Yuan Wang

Authors
  1. Deborah Witsken
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  2. Yuan Yuan Wang
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Correspondence to Yuan Yuan Wang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

    Jeffrey S. Kreutzer

  2. Kessler Foundation, Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ, USA

    John DeLuca

  3. Independent Practice, Wynnewood, PA, USA

    Bruce Caplan

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Witsken, D., Wang, Y.Y. (2018). Deaf/Hearing Impairment. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1447

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