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Hydrodynamics in Motile Active Matter

  • Roland G. Winkler
  • Gerhard Gompper
Living reference work entry
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Abstract

Hydrodynamic interactions determine the individual and collective behavior of nano- to micrometer size active objects such as swimming bacteria, sperm, algae, and synthetic colloidal microswimmers. Based on the Navier-Stokes equations of hydrodynamics, the major contributions to the flow field of a swimmer in a Newtonian fluid are presented. The propulsion of beating and rotating filaments is shown to emerge as consequence of the distinct friction coefficients for parallel and perpendicular motion of the filament. Hydrodynamic interactions with a wall lead to a preferred alignment of a swimmer adjacent to a wall. Moreover, the rotational motion of a flagellar bundle of swimming bacteria combined with the counterrotation of the cell body leads to circular trajectories on a surface, where the handedness depends on the wall slip. Even more, the collective behavior of active matter is determined by hydrodynamic interactions, which is illustrated by cilia synchronization and the squirmer model for microswimmers.

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Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Institute for Advanced Simulation and Institute for Complex SystemsForschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany

Section editors and affiliations

  • Kurt Kremer
    • 1
  1. 1.MPI for Polymer ResearchMainzGermany

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