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Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract pp 490–493Cite as

Mallory Weiss Lacerations, Esophageal

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Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Pathology ((EP))

Synonyms

Gastroesophageal lacerations; Mallory-Weiss tears

Definition

Mallory-Weiss lacerations are mucosal or submucosal longitudinal tears that occur at the gastroesophageal junction or gastric cardia. These lacerations may cause upper gastrointestinal bleeding from submucosal blood vessels (Mallory-Weiss syndrome). They were first described in 15 alcoholic patients with persistent retching and vomiting (Mallory and Weiss 1929).

While the pathogenesis is not completely understood, it appears that any action leading to a sudden rise in intra-abdominal pressure and gastric prolapse or intussusception into the esophagus may cause a Mallory-Weiss laceration. Besides retching and vomiting, other precipitating factors include coughing, straining, convulsions, hiccups, blunt abdominal trauma, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Iatrogenic tears can result from procedures like upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and transesophageal echocardiography. Colonoscopic preparation with polyethylene...

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References and Further Reading

  • Bharucha, A. E., Gstout, C. J., & Balm, R. K. (1994). Clinical and endoscopic risk factors in the Mallory-Weiss syndrome. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 89, 2147.

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  • Fujisawa, N., Inamori, M., Sekino, Y., et al. (2011). Risk factors for mortality in patients with Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Hepatogastroenterology, 58(106), 417–420.

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  • Higuchi, N., Akahoshi, K., Sumida, Y., et al. (2006). Endoscopic band ligation therapy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding related to Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Surgical Endoscopy, 20(9), 1431–1434.

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  • Kovacs, T. O., & Jensen, D. M. (1997). Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of bleeding Mallory-Weiss tears. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 92, 805.

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  • Mallory, G. K., & Weiss, S. W. (1929). Hemorrhages from lacerations of the cardiac orifice of the stomach due to vomiting. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 178, 506–512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sugawa, C., Benishek, D., & Walt, A. J. (1983). Mallory-Weiss syndrome. A study of 224 patients. American Journal of Surgery, 145(1), 30–33.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguchi, Y., Yamato, T., Katsumi, N., et al. (2001). Endoscopic hemoclipping for upper GI bleeding due to Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 53(4), 427–430.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, E.P.E., Lisbon, Portugal

    Bruno Pereira & António Dias Pereira

  2. Servico de Gastrenterologia, Hospital Amato Lusitano, ULS de Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal

    Bruno Pereira

Authors
  1. Bruno Pereira
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  2. António Dias Pereira
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bruno Pereira .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine of Porto University, Centro Hospitalar São João and Ipatimup/i3S, Porto, Portugal

    Fátima Carneiro

  2. Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa de Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal

    Paula Chaves

  3. Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal

    Paula Chaves

  4. Department of Pathology, Ankara University Medical School, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey

    Arzu Ensari

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Pereira, B., Pereira, A.D. (2017). Mallory Weiss Lacerations, Esophageal. In: Carneiro, F., Chaves, P., Ensari, A. (eds) Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1652

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1652

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40559-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40560-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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