Mucosal Prolapse Syndrome

Synonyms

Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp/rectal mucosal prolapse; Rectal prolapse syndrome; Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome/rectal mucosal prolapse

Definition

Mucosal prolapse includes different abnormalities of anorectal region: rectal prolapse, solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, inflammatory cloacogenic polyp, inflammatory cap polyp, and proctitis cystica profunda.

These somewhat overlapping entities represent the spectrum of pathologies resulting from ischemic mucosal changes and injury followed by inflammation, repair, and regenerative changes. Mucosal prolapse syndrome is observed in patients with acute diarrhea, chronic constipation, connective tissue diseases, history of radiation or previous surgery, rectal polyps, rectal neoplasia, or hemorrhoids. Substantial number of patients with cystic fibrosis develop mucosal prolapse syndrome.

The primary clinical feature is related to bowel habit abnormalities, usually in the form of constipation. Straining at defecation with secondary...