Synonyms
Colorectal carcinomas, Malignant epithelial tumors of the large intestine
Definition
Colorectal carcinoma is a malignant tumor arising from colonic epithelium. More than 90% of colorectal carcinomas (CRC) are adenocarcinomas.
The cause and pathogenesis of CRC are related to both environmental and genetic factors. Environmental factors contain diet rich in meat, high fat, carbohydrate, low fiber; lifestyle risk factors like cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption; and those which have effect on the intestinal microflora and chemical composition of the intraluminal content. Bile acids and their metabolites derived from bacterial action could also be potential carcinogen. Some vitamin deficiencies (vitamins B2, B6, B12, C, D, folate, etc.) have risk for CRC. The repeated colonic mucosal injury and repair as occurs in chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease are important in the development of CRC. Various genetic factors are as follows: there is high predisposition for CRC...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References and Further Reading
Bosmann, F. T., Carnerio, F., Hruban, R. H., & Theise, N. D. (2010). WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system. Lyon: IARC.
Funkhouser, W., Lubin, I. M., Monzon, F. A., Zehnbauer, B. A., Evans, J. P., Ogino, S., & Nowak, J. A. (2011). Relevance Pathogenesis and testing algorithm for mismatch repair-defective colorectal carcinomas (a report of association for molecular pathology). Journal of molecular diagnostics, 14, 91–103.
Jass, J. R. (2007). Classification of colorectal cancer based on correlation of clinical, morphological and molecular features. Histopathology, 50, 113–130.
Pritchard, C. C., & Grady, W. M. (2011). Colorectal cancer molecular biology moves into clinical practice. Gut, 60, 116–129.
Rosai, J. (2011). Gastrointestinal tract large bowel. In Rosai and Ackerman’s surgical pathology (10th ed., pp. 731–802). Edinburgh: Mosby Elsevier.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Erdamar, S. (2017). Carcinoma, Colorectal. In: Carneiro, F., Chaves, P., Ensari, A. (eds) Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1428
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1428
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40559-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40560-5
eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine