Introduction
Public participation, or the engagement of citizens in policy decision-making, is an increasingly important and studied phenomenon in public policy literature. This citizen engagement may occur to various extents, at different levels of governance, and at several points in the policy process. While this volume covers many of the research pathways within public participation in other entries, this section focuses on how contracting-out public participation to third-party actors influences the occurrence and nature of public participation.
The majority of public participation studies focus on participation designed and implemented directly by elected government actors or those working within public administration. However, studies of new public management describe a governance system in which third-party actors and indirect implementation of policy have become commonplace. For example, in 2018,...
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Harris, A.B. (2020). Public Participation in Procurement. In: Farazmand, A. (eds) Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_3905-1
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