Synonyms
External hashing; Extensible hashing; Grid File (and Family); Hash file; Linear hashing
Definition
Consider a relation R with some attribute A taking values over domain D. A membership (or equality) query retrieves all tuples in R with A = x (x ∈ D). To enable fast processing of such equality selection queries, an access method that can group records by their value on attribute A is needed. A hash-based scheme maps the search-key values on a collection of buckets. The bucket to which a value is assigned (mapped) is determined by a function, called the hashing function.
Key Points
A major performance goal of a database management system is to minimize the number of I/O’s (i.e., blocks or pages transferred) between the disk and main memory when answering a query. To achieve such fast access, additional data structures called access methods (or indices) are designed per database file. There are two fundamental access methods, namely tree-based and hash-basedindexing. They...
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Recommended Reading
Manolopoulos Y, Theodoridis Y, Tsotras VJ. Advanced database indexing. Dordrecht: Kluwer; 2000.
Elmasri R, Navathe SB. Fundamentals of database systems. 6th ed. Reading: Addisson-Wesley; 2010.
Ramakrishnan R, Gehrke J. Database management systems. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002.
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Moro, M.M., Zhang, D., Tsotras, V.J. (2018). Hash-Based Indexing. In: Liu, L., Özsu, M.T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Database Systems. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8265-9_756
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8265-9_756
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